Nginx多站点设置及负载均衡
原创
apache端口88 tomcat端口8080
多个.conf方法（优点是灵活，缺点就是站点比较多配置起来麻烦）
这里以配置2个站点（2个域名）为例，n 个站点可以相应增加调整，假设：
IP地址: 1.1.1.1
域名1 example1.com 放在 /webapp/example1
域名2 example2.com 放在 /webapp/example2
配置 nginx virtual hosting 的基本思路和步骤如下：
把2个站点 example1.com, example2.com 放到 nginx 可以访问的目录 /webapp/ 给每个站点分别创建一个 nginx 配置文件 example1.com.conf，example2.com.conf, 并把配置文件放到 /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/ 然后在 nginx.conf 里面加一句 include 把步骤2创建的配置文件全部包含进来（用 * 号） 重启 nginx
具体过程 下面是具体的配置过程：
1、在 /usr/local/nginx 下创建 vhosts 目录 mkdir /usr/nginx/vhosts
2、在 /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/ 里创建一个名字为 example1.com.conf 的文件，把以下内容拷进去
server {
listen 80;
server_name example1.com www.example1.com; access_log /webapp/example1/logs/access_ example1.log;
if (-d $request_filename){
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
# 动态页面，交给tomcat处理
location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|do|action)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_proxy;
# 动态页面，交给apache处理
location ~ \.(php)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://apache_proxy;
location /training/ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_proxy;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#sub_filter /training/ /;
# 用户浏览器端的缓存设置
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {
expires 7d;
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
expires 24h;
location / {
root /webapp/example1/www;
index index.html index.htm index.php index.jsp;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ /.ht {
deny all;
3、打开 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginix.conf 文件，在相应位置加入 include 把以上文件包含进来# main server config (http part)
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#关闭http header 中关于服务器的版本号
#server_tokens off;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 3m;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
# 代理的相关参数设置
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# 启用gzip压缩，提高用户访问速度
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
# 配置需要代理的tomcat
upstream tomcat_proxy{
ip_hash;
session_sticky;
server localhost:8080 max_fails=3 weight=1 fail_timeout=60s;
# 配置需要代理的apache
upstream apache_proxy{
ip_hash;
session_sticky;
server localhost:88 max_fails=3 weight=1 fail_timeout=60s;
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
access_log /var/local/nginx/logs/access.log;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.php;
if (-d $request_filename){
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
# 动态页面，交给tomcat处理
location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|do|action)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_proxy;
# 动态页面，交给apache处理
location ~ \.(php)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://apache_proxy;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /training/ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_proxy;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#sub_filter /training/ /;
# 用户浏览器端的缓存设置
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {
expires 7d;
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
expires 24h;
access_log off;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
# 包含所有的虚拟主机的配置文件
include /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/*;
}
4、apache多站点设置
1.让Apache在启动时能加载虚拟主机模块。
打开Apache安装目录下conf/httpd.conf文件，找到下面一行文字,把最前面的 # 号去掉,然后保存。
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
2.接着找到同一文件中的DocumentRoot和Directory,改为站点目录的上一级目录
例如站点放在 /webapp/example1/www,则改为以下形式
DocumentRoot"/webapp"
<Directory"/webapp">
3.配置完成后文件在最后添加如下：
DocumentRoot是文件放置路径，ServerName是网站域名：
<VIRTUALHOST *:88>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "/webapp/example1/www " #web目录路径
ServerName example.com #host名称
ServerAlias www.example.com
ErrorLog "/webapp/example1/logs/dummy-host.example.com-error.log"
CustomLog "/webapp/example1/logs/dummy-host.example.com-access.log" common
</virtualhost>
5、tomcat多站点设置
1 打开tomcat/conf/server.xml，在里面找到<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">.....</Engine>
2 在<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"></Engine>中间加入内容：
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
.........原有内容不要动
下面为新加内容：
<Host name="example.com" debug="0" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context path="/" crossContext="true" reloadable="true" docBase="/webapp/example1/www" />
</Host>
其中/webapp/example1/www是web应用程序目录
6、重启服务
重启 Nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx restart