基于DotNetCoreNPOI封装特性通用导出excel
目前根据项目中的要求，支持
列名定义
，列
索引排序
，行
合并单元格
，EXCEL单元格的
格式
也是随着数据的类型做对应的调整。
可以看到时非常容易的能够导出数据，实际调用可能就三四句话
// 你的需要导出的数据集合，这里的DownloadResponse就是你自己的数据集合
List<DownloadResponse> dataList = GetDownloadList(data);
// 导出逻辑
var workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
var sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1");
sheet.SetValue(PropertyHelper.GetPropertyGetters(dataList), workbook);
string path = Path.Combine(@"D:\", $"{Guid.NewGuid()}.xlsx");
// 输出 Exce 文件
using (var fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
workbook.Write(fs);
public class DownloadResponse
/// <summary>
/// 第一个参数：列名
/// 第二个参数：索引(顺序)
/// 第三个参数：是否合并单元格
/// 后期可以添加一些样式，比如宽度，颜色等，暂时先这样吧
/// </summary>
[Excel("Customs Area", 0, true)]
public string? CustomsArea { get; set; }
[Excel("Vender", 1, true)]
public string? VendorCode { get; set; }
public static class PropertyHelper
private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Type, Dictionary<string, PropertyGetter>> _gettersCache = new ConcurrentDictionary<Type, Dictionary<string, PropertyGetter>>();
public static Dictionary<int, List<PropertyValue>> GetPropertyGetters<F>(List<F> dataList)
var propertyGetters = GetExcelPropertyGetters<F>();
var values = new Dictionary<int, List<PropertyValue>>();
int rowIndex = 0;
foreach (var response in dataList)
foreach (var getter in propertyGetters.Values)
var value = getter.Getter(response) as PropertyValue;
if (value == null)
continue;
if (!values.TryGetValue(rowIndex, out var list))
list = new List<PropertyValue>();
list.Add(value);
values[rowIndex] = list;
rowIndex++;
return values;
public static Dictionary<string, PropertyGetter> GetExcelPropertyGetters(Type type)
if (_gettersCache.TryGetValue(type, out var result))
return result;
result = new Dictionary<string, PropertyGetter>();
var properties = type.GetProperties();
var excelProperties = properties
.Select(prop => Tuple.Create(prop.GetCustomAttribute<ExcelAttribute>()?.Index ?? int.MaxValue, prop))
.OrderBy(prop => prop.Item1)
.ToList();
foreach (var (_, prop) in excelProperties)
var attr = prop.GetCustomAttribute<ExcelAttribute>();
var getter = CreateGetter(prop);
result[prop.Name] = new PropertyGetter
Attribute = attr,
Getter = getter
_gettersCache[type] = result;
return result;
public static Dictionary<string, PropertyGetter> GetExcelPropertyGetters<F>()
return GetExcelPropertyGetters(typeof(F));
private static Func<object, PropertyValue> CreateGetter(PropertyInfo prop)
var instance = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), "instance");
var castInstance = Expression.Convert(instance, prop.DeclaringType);
var propertyAccess = Expression.Property(castInstance, prop);
var castToObject = Expression.Convert(propertyAccess, typeof(object));
var lambdaBody = Expression.MemberInit(
Expression.New(typeof(PropertyValue)),
Expression.Bind(
typeof(PropertyValue).GetProperty(nameof(PropertyValue.Description)),
Expression.Constant(prop.GetCustomAttribute<ExcelAttribute>()?.Description ?? string.Empty)
Expression.Bind(
typeof(PropertyValue).GetProperty(nameof(PropertyValue.Index)),
Expression.Constant(prop.GetCustomAttribute<ExcelAttribute>()?.Index ?? 0)
Expression.Bind(
typeof(PropertyValue).GetProperty(nameof(PropertyValue.IsMerge)),
Expression.Constant(prop.GetCustomAttribute<ExcelAttribute>()?.IsMerge ?? false)
Expression.Bind(
typeof(PropertyValue).GetProperty(nameof(PropertyValue.Value)),
Expression.TypeAs(castToObject, typeof(object))
Expression.Bind(
typeof(PropertyValue).GetProperty(nameof(PropertyValue.ValueType)),
Expression.Constant(prop.PropertyType.FullName)
var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<object, PropertyValue>>(lambdaBody, instance);
return lambda.Compile();
public class PropertyValue
public string Description { get; set; }
public int Index { get; set; }
public bool IsMerge { get; set; }
public object? Value { get; set; }
public string ValueType { get; set; }
public class PropertyGetter
public ExcelAttribute? Attribute { get; set; }
public Func<object, object?> Getter { get; set; }
public class ExcelAttribute : Attribute
/// <summary>
/// 列描述
/// </summary>
private string _description;
/// <summary>
/// 列索引
/// </summary>
private int _index;
/// <summary>
/// 是否合并
/// </summary>
private bool _isMerge;
public ExcelAttribute(string desc)
_description = desc;
public ExcelAttribute(string desc, int index)
_description = desc;
_index = index;
public ExcelAttribute(string desc, int index, bool isMerge)
_description = desc;
_index = index;
_isMerge = isMerge;
public string Description
return _description;
public int Index
return _index;
public bool IsMerge
return _isMerge;
public static class ExcelHelper
static readonly string? _intType = typeof(int).FullName;
static readonly string? _intNullType = typeof(int?).FullName;
static readonly string? _longType = typeof(long).FullName;
static readonly string? _longNullType = typeof(long?).FullName;
static readonly string? _doubleType = typeof(double).FullName;
static readonly string? _doubleNullType = typeof(double?).FullName;
static readonly string? _decimalType = typeof(decimal).FullName;
static readonly string? _decimalNullType = typeof(decimal?).FullName;
static readonly string? _stringType = typeof(string).FullName;
static readonly string? _dateTimeType = typeof(DateTime).FullName;
static readonly string? _dateTimeNullType = typeof(DateTime?).FullName;
static readonly string? _boolType = typeof(bool).FullName;
static readonly string? _boolNullType = typeof(bool?).FullName;
static readonly string? _guidType = typeof(Guid).FullName;
static readonly string? _guidNullType = typeof(Guid?).FullName;
public static void SetValue(this ISheet sheet, Dictionary<int, List<PropertyValue>> propertyGetters, XSSFWorkbook workbook)
var dateTimeStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
dateTimeStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
dateTimeStyle.DataFormat = HSSFDataFormat.GetBuiltinFormat("m/d/yy");
bool isHead = true;
int sheetRowIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < propertyGetters.Count; i++)
var item = propertyGetters[i];
// 创建表头
if (isHead)
var headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(sheetRowIndex);
for (int j = 0; j < item.Count; j++)
headerRow.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(item[j].Description);
isHead = false;
continue;
// 创建行
sheetRowIndex++;
var row = sheet.CreateRow(sheetRowIndex);
for (int k = 0; k < item.Count; k++)
var thisValue = item[k];
var cell = row.CreateCell(thisValue.Index);
if (thisValue.Value == null)
cell.SetCellType(CellType.String);
cell.SetCellValue(string.Empty);
if (thisValue.Value != null && thisValue.ValueType == _stringType)
cell.SetCellType(CellType.String);
cell.SetCellValue(thisValue.Value?.ToString());
// 数值类型
else if (thisValue.Value != null && (thisValue.ValueType == _intNullType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _intType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _decimalNullType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _decimalType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _longNullType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _longType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _doubleType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _doubleNullType
cell.SetCellType(CellType.Numeric);
double.TryParse(thisValue.Value?.ToString(), out double value);
cell.SetCellValue(value);
// 时间类型
else if (thisValue.Value != null && (thisValue.ValueType == _dateTimeNullType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _dateTimeType))
DateTime.TryParse(thisValue.Value?.ToString(), out var value);
cell.SetCellValue(value.ToOADate());
cell.CellStyle = dateTimeStyle;
// bool类型
else if (thisValue.Value != null && (thisValue.ValueType == _boolNullType
|| thisValue.ValueType == _boolType))
cell.SetCellType(CellType.Boolean);
bool.TryParse(thisValue.Value?.ToString(), out bool value);
cell.SetCellValue(value);
// 合并单元格
if (thisValue.IsMerge && thisValue.Value != null)
int nextIndex = i + 1;
if (nextIndex >= propertyGetters.Count)
continue;
var nextValue = propertyGetters[nextIndex];
var e = nextValue.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Description == thisValue.Description && (x.Value?.Equals(thisValue.Value) ?? false));
if (e != null)
// 合并当前行和下一行
var range = new CellRangeAddress(sheetRowIndex, sheetRowIndex + 1, e.Index, e.Index);
sheet.AddMergedRegion(range);
