Passive Optical Network (PON) technology has become one of the mainstream technologies for Fiber-to-the-X (FTTx) network construction. As users' demand for high bandwidth continues to grow, especially with the popularity of high-traffic applications such as OTT video and 4K TV, operators have put 10G GPON technology on their agenda to meet the urgent need for faster and more reliable network connectivity.
GPON is generally categorized into three common types: GPON, XG-PON and XGS-PON, let's see what are some differences between them.
GPON overview:
GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) is an optical fiber access technology used to provide broadband access services in optical fiber networks. It uses a passive optical network architecture to transmit data signals through optical fibers to achieve high-speed data communication. The following is an overview of GPON:
Architecture:
The GPON system consists of OLT (Optical Line Terminal) and ONU (Optical Network Unit). The OLT is located at the network provider's central office and is responsible for the conversion and distribution of optical signals. The ONU is installed at the user end, connects to the user equipment and receives the optical signal sent by the OLT.
Transmission rate:
Typical GPON downstream rates are 2.5 Gbps and upstream rates are 1.25 Gbps. This means that data transfers from the network to the user faster than from the user to the network.
Wavelength allocation:
GPON systems use a variety of wavelengths to achieve downlink and uplink communications. Typically, the 1490nm wavelength is used in the downlink and the 1310nm wavelength in the uplink. This wavelength allocation helps improve system flexibility and performance.
Application:
GPON is widely used in home broadband access, enterprise networks, mobile base station backhaul and other fields. It provides users with high-speed and stable Internet connections and supports various applications and services, such as video streaming, online games, remote office, etc.
Advantage:
High bandwidth:
GPON provides downlink bandwidth of up to 2.5 Gbps, meeting users' needs for large-bandwidth applications.
Efficiency:
By using wavelength division multiplexing technology and time division multiple access (TDMA), GPON can support multiple users simultaneously on a single optical fiber, achieving efficient utilization of bandwidth resources.
High reliability:
Optical fiber transmission has the advantages of anti-interference, anti-electromagnetic interference and security, making the GPON system highly reliable.
Shortcoming:
Low uplink rate:
The uplink rate of GPON is relatively low and may be affected by the bandwidth shared by multiple users, resulting in performance degradation under high load.
XG-PON overview:
XG-PON (10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network) is an optical fiber access technology and an evolved version of GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network), designed to provide higher data transmission rates. The following is an overview of XG-PON:
rate:
XG-PON provides a downlink rate of 10 Gbps and an uplink rate of 2.5 Gbps. Compared with GPON's 2.5 Gbps downlink rate and 1.25 Gbps uplink rate, XG-PON achieves a 4-fold increase in downlink rate, providing faster data transmission.
symmetry:
Unlike GPON, XG-PON has a symmetrical rate, that is, the downlink rate and uplink rate are the same. This allows users to enjoy more stable and high-speed two-way communication, and is suitable for application scenarios that require symmetrical bandwidth.
Wavelength allocation:
XG-PON uses two different wavelengths for downlink and uplink communications. A typical wavelength allocation scheme is to use a wavelength of 1577nm in the downlink and a wavelength of 1270nm in the uplink.
Application:
XG-PON is widely used to provide high-speed broadband access services for homes and enterprises, supporting applications with high bandwidth requirements such as high-definition video, video conferencing, and cloud storage.
Performance advantages:
The high rate and symmetry of XG-PON give it significant advantages in meeting large bandwidth requirements, supporting multimedia applications and improving network performance.
It also has lower latency and better network quality, providing users with a better network experience.
Future development:
As a high-speed optical fiber access technology, XG-PON is still developing and evolving. As the demand for bandwidth continues to increase and technology advances, next-generation optical fiber access technologies with higher speeds and higher performance may appear in the future.
1 * GPON/XGPON interface: SC/UPC/APC interface, in line with GPON/XGPON Standard
4 * Ethernet interface: 10M/100M/1000M, RJ45, IEEE802.3-2005 standard
1 * VOIP interface: in accordance with G. 711 a/u, G. 729 a/b, G. 722 standard
2 * USB interface: 1*USB 2.0 port, 1*USB 3.0 port
XGS-PON overview:
XGS-PON (10 Gigabit Symmetrical Passive Optical Network) is a new generation of optical fiber access technology. It is an evolved version of GPON and XG-PON and is designed to provide higher speed and more stable two-way communication. The following is an overview of XGS-PON:
rate:
XGS-PON provides a symmetric rate of 10 Gbps, that is, both the downlink rate and the uplink rate are 10 Gbps. Compared with previous technologies, XGS-PON has achieved significant improvements in speed, providing users with faster data transmission and a more efficient network experience.
Symmetry:
Similar to XG-PON, XGS-PON also has symmetrical rate characteristics, allowing users to enjoy more stable and high-speed two-way communication. This is important for application scenarios that require symmetrical bandwidth.
Wavelength allocation:
XGS-PON adopts the same wavelength allocation scheme as XG-PON, that is, the wavelength of 1577nm is used for downlink and the wavelength of 1270nm for uplink. This wavelength allocation scheme has been widely verified and has good performance and stability.
Application:
XGS-PON is suitable for providing high-speed broadband access services for homes and enterprises, and supports applications with high bandwidth requirements such as large-scale video streaming, high-definition video conferencing, and cloud storage.
Performance advantages:
XGS-PON has the characteristics of high speed, symmetry and low latency, providing users with higher quality network connections and better network experience. It also has lower risk of network congestion and more stable network performance.
Future development:
As an advanced optical fiber access technology, XGS-PON is still developing and evolving. In the future, it is possible to further increase the rate and improve the wavelength allocation scheme to meet the growing bandwidth requirements and the changing network environment.
X67S is a next-generation Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) router, ideal for Fiber to The Home solution. It's an incredibly robust device allowing users to access high-speed internet connections via its GPON port and share it with a XGigabit Ethernet port.
XG-PON and XGS-PON are both different standards of 10G-PON (10 Gigabit Passive Optical Network). 10G-PON is a new generation of optical fiber access technology designed to provide higher speed and more stable two-way communication. XG-PON and XGS-PON are two different implementations of 10G-PON. They differ in terms of speed, symmetry, wavelength allocation, etc.
The following table can visually see the differences between GPON, XG-PON, and XGS-PON:
feature
XG-PON
XGS-PON
maximum rate
2.5 Gbps (downstream), 1.25 Gbps (upstream)
10 Gbps (downstream), 2.5 Gbps (upstream)
10 Gbps (symmetric)
Symmetric rate
wavelength
1490nm (downlink), 1310nm (uplink)
1577nm (downlink), 1270nm (uplink)
1577nm (downlink), 1270nm (uplink)
protocol
ITU-T G.984
ITU-T G.987
ITU-T G.9807
Optical module type
Class B+
Class C+
Class N/A
Hardware cost
relatively low
Relatively high
Relatively high
Applicable scene
Home and enterprise broadband access
Large enterprises, data centers, dense residential buildings
Large enterprises, data centers, dense residential buildings
compatibility
Not compatible
Not compatible
Not compatible
distance
20 km
20 km
20 km
Function
QoS, TDM, AES, OMCI
QoS, TDM, AES, OMCI
QoS, TDM, AES, OMCI
The main advantage
Mature and stable, widely used
Higher downstream speeds and symmetric speeds
higher symmetry rate
Main disadvantages
Downlink rate is low
Hardware costs are higher
Poor compatibility
XG(S)-PON Combo OLT 8*XG(S)-PON/GPON ports, 8*10GE/GE SFP + 2*100G QSFP28, Dual power with optional
