]# docker restart web
2.检查镜像的Dockerfile文件中Expose的端口:仍为80
[root@localhost ~]# docker history nginx
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
605c77e624dd 9 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon… 0B
<missing> 9 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) STOPSIGNAL SIGQUIT 0B
<missing> 9 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B
3.检查容器信息中显示的端口:仍为80
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c24aa7848e38 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 39 seconds ago Up 37 seconds 80/tcp web
4.验证实际可访问端口。80拒绝连接,88访问正常
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://172.17.0.2:80
curl: (7) Failed connect to 172.17.0.2:80; 拒绝连接
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://172.17.0.2:88
<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
..............
</body>
</html>
容器端口映射主机端口
结论:若容器未指定主机映射端口,则主机外网络无法访问容器,仅本机网络范围可访问。
1. 启动容器,未指定主机映射端口时
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name web nginx
3cb58fd8e585e0b015e7e42e9587df95359e1d133ff5371c6838fd303132d2ef
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3cb58fd8e585 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 17 seconds ago Up 15 seconds 80/tcp web
外网访问主机80端口,不通
2. 启动容器,指定主机映射端口30080映射容器80端口
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 30080:80 --name web nginx
04ef8440c357b81da934e91e786612b6027d20ea2e7cb3bd81ae91a9ca15a807
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
04ef8440c357 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:30080->80/tcp, :::30080->80/tcp web
外网访问主机30080,成功
补充:在docker run中使用-p映射端口,在docker-compose中使用-port映射端口,效果相同。
容器间连接
在其他容器中,访问上方已启动容器web,容器端口80,映射宿主机端口30080,容器ip:172.17.0.2,主机ip:192.168.8.190
总结:容器IP:容器Port,主机IP:主机Port,当ip与port匹配时才能访问通。
启动一个redis容器,从redis容器访问web容器服务。
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name redis redis:6.0.8
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it redis /bin/bash
root@25d8d484aa5b:/data# curl http://172.17.0.2:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
...........
root@25d8d484aa5b:/data# curl http://172.17.0.2:30080
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 172.17.0.2 port 30080: Connection refused
root@25d8d484aa5b:/data# curl http://192.168.8.190:30080
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
............
root@25d8d484aa5b:/data# curl http://192.168.8.190:80
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 192.168.8.190 port 80: Connection refused
补充:若使用docker-compose启动,且设置了服务依赖,容器ip(172.17.0.2),可以用容器名取代,例如curl http://web:80