PHP: header - Manual

请注意 header() 必须在任何实际输出之前调用，不管是普通的 HTML 标签，还是文件或 PHP 输出的空行，空格。这是个常见的错误，在通过 include ， require ，或者其访问其他文件里面的函数的时候，如果在 header() 被调用之前，其中有空格或者空行。同样的问题也存在于单独的 PHP/HTML 文件中。


    
     <html>
     

     
      <?php
      

     
     
      /* This will give an error. Note the output
      

      * above, which is before the header() call */
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Location: http://www.example.com/'
     
     
      );
      

      exit;
      

     
     
      ?>

示例 #1 下载对话框

如果你想提醒用户去保存你发送的数据，例如保存一个生成的PDF文件。你可以使用 » Content-Disposition 的报文信息来提供一个推荐的文件名，并且强制浏览器显示一个文件下载的对话框。


    
     
      <?php
      

     
     
      // 输出 PDF 文件
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-type: application/pdf'
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      // 名称为 downloaded.pdf
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.pdf"'
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      // 该 PDF 来源于 original.pdf
      

     
     
      readfile
     
     
      (
     
     
      'original.pdf'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>

也许你会遇到这样的情况，那就是即使你没使用上面这段代码，你的页面也没有被缓存。大多数情况是因为用户可以自己设置他们的浏览器从而改变浏览器默认的缓存行为。一旦发送了上面这段报文信息，那么你就应该重写那些可能用到缓存了的代码。此外，在启用session的情况下， session_cache_limiter() 和


   session.cache_limiter

的配置可以用来自动地生成正确的缓存相关的头信息。你所有需要输出到浏览器的数据将会一直缓存在服务器端，直到你发送他们，这将造成比较大的资源开销。你可以是用输出缓冲来避开这个问题。你可以通过在脚本里使用 ob_start() 和 ob_end_flush() 或者直接在你的 php.ini 文件里设置


   output_buffering

，也可以直接在服务器的配置文件里设置。 HTTP状态信息的报文永远都是最新被发送到客户端的，而不管 header() 是否是在最先发送的。报文状态码可能会被重写，当调用 header() 来设定新的状态码，除非HTTP报文已经被发送了。绝大多数现代浏览器的 » Location: 都支持相对 URI ，但也有一些旧浏览器需要绝对 URI：包含协议、主机名、绝对路径。一般情况下，可以借助 $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] 、 $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] 、 dirname() 将相对地址组合成绝对 URI：


    
     
      <?php
      

     
     
      /* 根据当前请求所在的目录，重定向到不同的页面 */
      

     
     
      $host
     
     
      =
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      'HTTP_HOST'
     
     
      ];
      

     
     
      $uri
     
     
      =
     
     
      rtrim
     
     
      (
     
     
      dirname
     
     
      (
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      'PHP_SELF'
     
     
      ]),
     
     
      '/\\'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      $extra
     
     
      =
     
     
      'mypage.php'
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: http://
     
     
      $host$uri
     
     
      /
     
     
      $extra
     
     
      "
     
     
      );
      

      exit;
      

     
     
      ?>

headers_sent() - 检测消息头是否已经发送

setcookie() - 发送 Cookie

http_response_code() - 获取/设置响应的 HTTP 状态码

header_remove() - 删除之前设置的 HTTP 头

headers_list() - 返回已发送的 HTTP 响应头（或准备发送的）

The section on HTTP authentication mjt at jpeto dot net ¶

15 years ago


    
     I strongly recommend, that you use
     

     

     header($_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]." 404 Not Found");
     

     

     instead of
     

     

     header("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found");
     

     

     I had big troubles with an Apache/2.0.59 (Unix) answering in HTTP/1.0 while I (accidentially) added a "HTTP/1.1 200 Ok" - Header.
     

     

     Most of the pages were displayed correct, but on some of them apache added weird content to it:
     

     

     A 4-digits HexCode on top of the page (before any output of my php script), seems to be some kind of checksum, because it changes from page to page and browser to browser. (same code for same page and browser)
     

     

     "0" at the bottom of the page (after the complete output of my php script)
     

     

     It took me quite a while to find out about the wrong protocol in the HTTP-header.

Marcel G ¶

14 years ago


    
     Several times this one is asked on the net but an answer could not be found in the docs on php.net ...
     

     

     If you want to redirect an user and tell him he will be redirected, e. g. "You will be redirected in about 5 secs. If not, click here." you cannot use header( 'Location: ...' ) as you can't sent any output before the headers are sent.
     

     

     So, either you have to use the HTML meta refresh thingy or you use the following:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "refresh:5;url=wherever.php"
     
     
      );
      

      echo
     
     
      'You\'ll be redirected in about 5 secs. If not, click <a href="wherever.php">here</a>.'
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Hth someone

Dylan at WeDefy dot com ¶

16 years ago


    
     A quick way to make redirects permanent or temporary is to make use of the $http_response_code parameter in header().
     

     

     
      <?php
      

     
     
      // 301 Moved Permanently
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: /foo.php"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      TRUE
     
     
      ,
     
     
      301
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      // 302 Found
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: /foo.php"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      TRUE
     
     
      ,
     
     
      302
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: /foo.php"
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      // 303 See Other
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: /foo.php"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      TRUE
     
     
      ,
     
     
      303
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      // 307 Temporary Redirect
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: /foo.php"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      TRUE
     
     
      ,
     
     
      307
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     The HTTP status code changes the way browsers and robots handle redirects, so if you are using header(Location:) it's a good idea to set the status code at the same time.  Browsers typically re-request a 307 page every time, cache a 302 page for the session, and cache a 301 page for longer, or even indefinitely.  Search engines typically transfer "page rank" to the new location for 301 redirects, but not for 302, 303 or 307. If the status code is not specified, header('Location:') defaults to 302.

mandor at mandor dot net ¶

18 years ago


    
     When using PHP to output an image, it won't be cached by the client so if you don't want them to download the image each time they reload the page, you will need to emulate part of the HTTP protocol.
     

     

     Here's how:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      

     
     
      // Test image.
      

     
     
      $fn
     
     
      =
     
     
      '/test/foo.png'
     
     
      ;
      

      

     
     
      // Getting headers sent by the client.
      

     
     
      $headers
     
     
      =
     
     
      apache_request_headers
     
     
      ();
      

      

     
     
      // Checking if the client is validating his cache and if it is current.
      

     
     
      if (isset(
     
     
      $headers
     
     
      [
     
     
      'If-Modified-Since'
     
     
      ]) && (
     
     
      strtotime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $headers
     
     
      [
     
     
      'If-Modified-Since'
     
     
      ]) ==
     
     
      filemtime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fn
     
     
      ))) {
      

     
     
      // Client's cache IS current, so we just respond '304 Not Modified'.
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Last-Modified: '
     
     
      .
     
     
      gmdate
     
     
      (
     
     
      'D, d M Y H:i:s'
     
     
      ,
     
     
      filemtime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fn
     
     
      )).
     
     
      ' GMT'
     
     
      ,
     
     
      true
     
     
      ,
     
     
      304
     
     
      );
      

      } else {
      

     
     
      // Image not cached or cache outdated, we respond '200 OK' and output the image.
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Last-Modified: '
     
     
      .
     
     
      gmdate
     
     
      (
     
     
      'D, d M Y H:i:s'
     
     
      ,
     
     
      filemtime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fn
     
     
      )).
     
     
      ' GMT'
     
     
      ,
     
     
      true
     
     
      ,
     
     
      200
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Length: '
     
     
      .
     
     
      filesize
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fn
     
     
      ));
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Type: image/png'
     
     
      );
      

      print
     
     
      file_get_contents
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fn
     
     
      );
      

      }
      

      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     That way foo.png will be properly cached by the client and you'll save bandwith. :)

Emmanuel Chazard ¶

1 year ago


    
     If you use header() to allow the user to download a file, it's very important to check the encoding of the script itself. Your script should be encoded in UTF-8, but definitely not in UTF-8-BOM! The presence of BOM will alter the file received by the user. Let the following script:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      

      $content
     
     
      =
     
     
      file_get_contents
     
     
      (
     
     
      'test_download.png'
     
     
      ) ;
      

     
     
      $name
     
     
      =
     
     
      'test.png'
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      $size
     
     
      =
     
     
      strlen
     
     
      (
     
     
      $content
     
     
      ) ;
      

      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Description: File Transfer'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Type: application/octet-stream'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Expires: 0'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'
     
     
      .
     
     
      $name
     
     
      .
     
     
      '"'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Length: '
     
     
      .
     
     
      $size
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Pragma: public'
     
     
      );
      

      

      echo
     
     
      $content
     
     
      ;
      

      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Irrespectively from the encoding of test_download.png, when this PHP script is encoded in UTF-8-BOM, the content received by the user is different:
     

     - a ZWNBSP byte (U+FEFF) is added to the beginning of the file
     

     - the file content is truncated!!!
     

     If it's a binary file (e.g. image, proprietary format), the file will become unreadable.

bebertjean at yahoo dot fr ¶

15 years ago


    
     If using the 'header' function for the downloading of files, especially if you're passing the filename as a variable, remember to surround the filename with double quotes, otherwise you'll have problems in Firefox as soon as there's a space in the filename.
     

     

     So instead of typing:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="
     
     
      .
     
     
      basename
     
     
      (
     
     
      $filename
     
     
      ));
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     you should type:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\""
     
     
      .
     
     
      basename
     
     
      (
     
     
      $filename
     
     
      ) .
     
     
      "\""
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     If you don't do this then when the user clicks on the link for a file named "Example file with spaces.txt", then Firefox's Save As dialog box will give it the name "Example", and it will have no extension.
     

     

     See the page called "Filenames_with_spaces_are_truncated_upon_download" at
     

     
      http://kb.mozillazine.org/
     
     for more information. (Sorry, the site won't let me post such a long link...)

David Spector ¶

3 years ago


    
     Please note that there is no error checking for the header command, either in PHP, browsers, or Web Developer Tools.
     

     

     If you use something like "header('text/javascript');" to set the MIME type for PHP response text (such as for echoed or Included data), you will get an undiagnosed failure.
     

     

     The proper MIME-setting function is "header('Content-type: text/javascript');".

yjf_victor ¶

8 years ago


    
     According to the RFC 6226 (
     
      https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6266
     
     ), the only way to send Content-Disposition Header with encoding is:
     

     

     Content-Disposition: attachment;
     

     filename*= UTF-8''%e2%82%ac%20rates
     

     

     for backward compatibility, what should be sent is:
     

     

     Content-Disposition: attachment;
     

     filename="EURO rates";
     

     filename*=utf-8''%e2%82%ac%20rates
     

     

     As a result, we should use
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      $filename
     
     
      =
     
     
      '中文文件名.exe'
     
     
      ;
     
     
      // a filename in Chinese characters
      

      

     
     
      $contentDispositionField
     
     
      =
     
     
      'Content-Disposition: attachment; '
      

     
     
      .
     
     
      sprintf
     
     
      (
     
     
      'filename="%s"; '
     
     
      ,
     
     
      rawurlencode
     
     
      (
     
     
      $filename
     
     
      ))
      

      .
     
     
      sprintf
     
     
      (
     
     
      "filename*=utf-8''%s"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      rawurlencode
     
     
      (
     
     
      $filename
     
     
      ));
      

      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Type: application/octet-stream'
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      $contentDispositionField
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      readfile
     
     
      (
     
     
      'file_to_download.exe'
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     I have tested the code in IE6-10, firefox and Chrome.

sk89q ¶

16 years ago


    
     You can use HTTP's etags and last modified dates to ensure that you're not sending the browser data it already has cached.
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      $last_modified_time
     
     
      =
     
     
      filemtime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $file
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      $etag
     
     
      =
     
     
      md5_file
     
     
      (
     
     
      $file
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Last-Modified: "
     
     
      .
     
     
      gmdate
     
     
      (
     
     
      "D, d M Y H:i:s"
     
     
      ,
     
     
      $last_modified_time
     
     
      ).
     
     
      " GMT"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Etag:
     
     
      $etag
     
     
      "
     
     
      );
      

      

      if (@
     
     
      strtotime
     
     
      (
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      'HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'
     
     
      ]) ==
     
     
      $last_modified_time
     
     
      ||
      

     
     
      trim
     
     
      (
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      'HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'
     
     
      ]) ==
     
     
      $etag
     
     
      ) {
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified"
     
     
      );
      

      exit;
      

      }
      

     
     
      ?>

nospam at nospam dot com ¶

8 years ago


    
     
      <?php
      

      

     
     
      // Response codes behaviors when using
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Location: /target.php'
     
     
      ,
     
     
      true
     
     
      ,
     
     
      $code
     
     
      )
     
     
      to forward user to another page
     
     
      :
      

      

     
     
      $code
     
     
      =
     
     
      301
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      // Use when the old page has been "permanently moved and any future requests should be sent to the target page instead. PageRank may be transferred."
      

      

     
     
      $code
     
     
      =
     
     
      302
     
     
      ; (default)
      

     
     
      // "Temporary redirect so page is only cached if indicated by a Cache-Control or Expires header field."
      

      

     
     
      $code
     
     
      =
     
     
      303
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      // "This method exists primarily to allow the output of a POST-activated script to redirect the user agent to a selected resource. The new URI is not a substitute reference for the originally requested resource and is not cached."
      

      

     
     
      $code
     
     
      =
     
     
      307
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      // Beware that when used after a form is submitted using POST, it would carry over the posted values to the next page, such if target.php contains a form processing script, it will process the submitted info again!
      

      

      // In other words, use 301 if permanent, 302 if temporary, and 303 if a results page from a submitted form.
      

      // Maybe use 307 if a form processing script has moved.
      

      

     
     
      ?>

David ¶

6 years ago


    
     It seems the note saying the URI must be absolute is obsolete. Found on
     
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_location
     
     

     

     «An obsolete version of the HTTP 1.1 specifications (IETF RFC 2616) required a complete absolute URI for redirection.[2] The IETF HTTP working group found that the most popular web browsers tolerate the passing of a relative URL[3] and, consequently, the updated HTTP 1.1 specifications (IETF RFC 7231) relaxed the original constraint, allowing the use of relative URLs in Location headers.»

ben at indietorrent dot org ¶

12 years ago


    
     Be aware that sending binary files to the user-agent (browser) over an encrypted connection (SSL/TLS) will fail in IE (Internet Explorer) versions 5, 6, 7, and 8 if any of the following headers is included:
     

     

     Cache-control:no-store
     

     Cache-control:no-cache
     

     

     See:
     
      http://support.microsoft.com/kb/323308
     
     

     

     Workaround: do not send those headers.
     

     

     Also, be aware that IE versions 5, 6, 7, and 8 double-compress already-compressed files and do not reverse the process correctly, so ZIP files and similar are corrupted on download.
     

     

     Workaround: disable compression (beyond text/html) for these particular versions of IE, e.g., using Apache's "BrowserMatch" directive. The following example disables compression in all versions of IE:
     

     

     BrowserMatch ".*MSIE.*" gzip-only-text/html

jp at webgraphe dot com ¶

20 years ago


    
     A call to session_write_close() before the statement
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Location: URL"
     
     
      );
      

      exit();
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     is recommended if you want to be sure the session is updated before proceeding to the redirection.
     

     

     We encountered a situation where the script accessed by the redirection wasn't loading the session correctly because the precedent script hadn't the time to update it (we used a database handler).
     

     

     JP.

shutout2730 at yahoo dot com ¶

16 years ago


    
     It is important to note that headers are actually sent when the first byte is output to the browser. If you are replacing headers in your scripts, this means that the placement of echo/print statements and output buffers may actually impact which headers are sent. In the case of redirects, if you forget to terminate your script after sending the header, adding a buffer or sending a character may change which page your users are sent to.
     

     

     This redirects to 2.html since the second header replaces the first.
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 1.html"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 2.html"
     
     
      );
     
     
      //replaces 1.html
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     This redirects to 1.html since the header is sent as soon as the echo happens. You also won't see any "headers already sent" errors because the browser follows the redirect before it can display the error.
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 1.html"
     
     
      );
      

      echo
     
     
      "send data"
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 2.html"
     
     
      );
     
     
      //1.html already sent
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Wrapping the previous example in an output buffer actually changes the behavior of the script! This is because headers aren't sent until the output buffer is flushed.
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      ob_start
     
     
      ();
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 1.html"
     
     
      );
      

      echo
     
     
      "send data"
     
     
      ;
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "location: 2.html"
     
     
      );
     
     
      //replaces 1.html
      

     
     
      ob_end_flush
     
     
      ();
     
     
      //now the headers are sent
      

     
     
      ?>

Refugnic ¶

14 years ago


    
     My files are in a compressed state (bz2). When the user clicks the link, I want them to get the uncompressed version of the file.
     

     

     After decompressing the file, I ran into the problem, that the download dialog would always pop up, even when I told the dialog to 'Always perform this operation with this file type'.
     

     

     As I found out, the problem was in the header directive 'Content-Disposition', namely the 'attachment' directive.
     

     

     If you want your browser to simulate a plain link to a file, either change 'attachment' to 'inline' or omit it alltogether and you'll be fine.
     

     

     This took me a while to figure out and I hope it will help someone else out there, who runs into the same problem.

dev at omikrosys dot com ¶

14 years ago


    
     Just to inform you all, do not get confused between Content-Transfer-Encoding and Content-Encoding
     

     

     Content-Transfer-Encoding specifies the encoding used to transfer the data within the HTTP protocol, like raw binary or base64. (binary is more compact than base64. base64 having 33% overhead).
     

     Eg Use:- header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
     

     

     Content-Encoding is used to apply things like gzip compression to the content/data.
     

     Eg Use:- header('Content-Encoding: gzip');

razvan_bc at yahoo dot com ¶

6 years ago


    
     
      <?php
      

     
     
      /* This will give an error. Note the output
      

      * above, which is before the header() call */
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Location:
      
       http://www.example.com/
      
      '
     
     
      );
      

      exit;
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     this example is pretty good BUT in time you use "exit" the parser will still work to decide what's happening next the "exit" 's action should do ('cause if you check the manual exit works in others situations too).
     

     SO MY POINT IS : you should use :
     

     
      <?php
      

      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Location:
      
       http://www.example.com/
      
      '
     
     
      );
      

      die();
      

      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     'CAUSE all die function does is to stop the script ,there is no other place for interpretation and the scope you choose to break the action of your script is quickly DONE!!!
     

     

     there are many situations  with others examples and the right choose for small parts of your scrips that make differences when you write your php framework at well!
     

     

     Thanks Rasmus Lerdorf and his team to wrap off parts of unusual php functionality ,php 7 roolez!!!!!

scott at lucentminds dot com ¶

14 years ago


    
     If you want to remove a header and keep it from being sent as part of the header response, just provide nothing as the header value after the header name. For example...
     

     

     PHP, by default, always returns the following header:
     

     

     "Content-Type: text/html"
     

     

     Which your entire header response will look like
     

     

     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
     

     Server: Apache/2.2.11 (Unix)
     

     X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.8
     

     Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 23:05:07 GMT
     

     Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
     

     Connection: close
     

     

     If you call the header name with no value like so...
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      'Content-Type:'
     
     
      );
      

      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Your headers now look like this:
     

     

     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
     

     Server: Apache/2.2.11 (Unix)
     

     X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.8
     

     Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 23:05:07 GMT
     

     Connection: close

Anonymous ¶

15 years ago


    
     I just want to add, becuase I see here lots of wrong formated headers.
     

     

     1. All used headers have first letters uppercase, so you MUST follow this. For example:
     

     

     Location, not location
     

     Content-Type, not content-type, nor CONTENT-TYPE
     

     

     2. Then there MUST be colon and space, like
     

     

     good: header("Content-Type: text/plain");
     

     wrong: header("Content-Type:text/plain");
     

     

     3. Location header MUST be absolute uri with scheme, domain, port, path, etc.
     

     

     good: header("Location:
     
      http://www.example.com/something.php?a=1
     
     ");
     

     

     4. Relative URIs are NOT allowed
     

     

     wrong:  Location: /something.php?a=1
     

     wrong:  Location: ?a=1
     

     

     It will make proxy server and http clients happier.

mzheng[no-spam-thx] at ariba dot com ¶

15 years ago


    
     For large files (100+ MBs), I found that it is essential to flush the file content ASAP, otherwise the download dialog doesn't show until a long time or never.
     

     

     
      <?php
      

      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="
     
     
      .
     
     
      urlencode
     
     
      (
     
     
      $file
     
     
      ));
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Type: application/force-download"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Type: application/octet-stream"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Type: application/download"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Description: File Transfer"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Length: "
     
     
      .
     
     
      filesize
     
     
      (
     
     
      $file
     
     
      ));
      

     
     
      flush
     
     
      ();
     
     
      // this doesn't really matter.
      

      

     
     
      $fp
     
     
      =
     
     
      fopen
     
     
      (
     
     
      $file
     
     
      ,
     
     
      "r"
     
     
      );
      

      while (!
     
     
      feof
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fp
     
     
      ))
      

      {
      

      echo
     
     
      fread
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fp
     
     
      ,
     
     
      65536
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      flush
     
     
      ();
     
     
      // this is essential for large downloads
      

     
     
      }
      

     
     
      fclose
     
     
      (
     
     
      $fp
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>

Vinay Kotekar ¶

9 years ago


    
     Saving php file in ANSI  no isuess but when saving the file in UTF-8 format for various reasons remember to save the file without any BOM ( byte-order mark) support.
     

     Otherwise you will face problem of headers not being properly sent
     

     eg.
     

     
      <?php header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Set-Cookie: name=user"
     
     
      );
     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Would give something like this :-
     

     

     Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at C:\www\info.php:1) in C:\www\info.php on line 1

Cody G. ¶

14 years ago


    
     After lots of research and testing, I'd like to share my findings about my problems with Internet Explorer and file downloads.
     

     

     Take a look at this code, which replicates the normal download of a Javascript:
     

     

     
      <?php
      

     
     
      if(
     
     
      strstr
     
     
      (
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      "HTTP_USER_AGENT"
     
     
      ],
     
     
      "MSIE"
     
     
      )==
     
     
      false
     
     
      ) {
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-type: text/javascript"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Disposition: inline; filename=\"download.js\""
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Length: "
     
     
      .
     
     
      filesize
     
     
      (
     
     
      "my-file.js"
     
     
      ));
      

      } else {
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-type: application/force-download"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"download.js\""
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Content-Length: "
     
     
      .
     
     
      filesize
     
     
      (
     
     
      "my-file.js"
     
     
      ));
      

      }
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Expires: Fri, 01 Jan 2010 05:00:00 GMT"
     
     
      );
      

      if(
     
     
      strstr
     
     
      (
     
     
      $_SERVER
     
     
      [
     
     
      "HTTP_USER_AGENT"
     
     
      ],
     
     
      "MSIE"
     
     
      )==
     
     
      false
     
     
      ) {
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Cache-Control: no-cache"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      header
     
     
      (
     
     
      "Pragma: no-cache"
     
     
      );
      

      }
      

      include(
     
     
      "my-file.js"
     
     
      );
      

     
     
      ?>
      

     
     

     Now let me explain:
     

     

     I start out by checking for IE, then if not IE, I set Content-type (case-sensitive) to JS and set Content-Disposition (every header is case-sensitive from now on) to inline, because most browsers outside of IE like to display JS inline. (User may change settings). The Content-Length header is required by some browsers to activate download box. Then, if it is IE, the "application/force-download" Content-type is sometimes required to show the download box. Use this if you don't want your PDF to display in the browser (in IE). I use it here to make sure the box opens. Anyway, I set the Content-Disposition to attachment because I already know that the box will appear. Then I have the Content-Length again.
     

     

     Now, here's my big point. I have the Cache-Control and Pragma headers sent only if not IE. THESE HEADERS WILL PREVENT DOWNLOAD ON IE!!! Only use the Expires header, after all, it will require the file to be downloaded again the next time. This is not a bug! IE stores downloads in the Temporary Internet Files folder until the download is complete. I know this because once I downloaded a huge file to My Documents, but the Download Dialog box put it in the Temp folder and moved it at the end. Just think about it. If IE requires the file to be downloaded to the Temp folder, setting the Cache-Control and Pragma headers will cause an error!
     

     

     I hope this saves someone some time!
     

     ~Cody G.

Angelica Perduta ¶

4 years ago


    
     I made a script that generates an optimized image for use on web pages using a 404 script to resize and reduce original images, but on some servers it was generating the image but then not using it due to some kind of cache somewhere of the 404 status. I managed to get it to work with the following and although I don't quite understand it, I hope my posting here does help others with similar issues:
     

     

     header_remove();
     

     header("Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, max-age=0");
     

     header("Cache-Control: post-check=0, pre-check=0", false);
     

     header("Pragma: no-cache");
     

     // ... and then try redirecting
     

     // 201 = The request has been fulfilled, resulting in the creation of a new resource however it's still not loading
     

     // 302 "moved temporarily" does seems to load it!
     

     header("location:$dst", FALSE, 302); // redirect to the file now we have it

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