19Bootstrap5导航栏
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<title>菜鸟教程Bootstrap5导航栏</title>
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导航栏一般放在页面的顶部。
我们可以使用 .navbar 类来创建一个标准的导航栏,
后面紧跟: .navbar-expand-xxl|xl|lg|md|sm 类来创建响应式的导航栏 (大屏幕水平铺开,小屏幕垂直堆叠)。
导航栏上的选项可以使用 <ul> 元素并添加 class="navbar-nav" 类。
然后在 <li> 元素上添加 .nav-item 类, <a> 元素上使用 .nav-link 类:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-light">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 3</a>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<h3>简单的导航栏实例</h3>
<p>导航栏一般放在页面的顶部。</p>
我们可以使用 .navbar 类来创建一个标准的导航栏,后面紧跟:
.navbar-expand-xxl|xl|lg|md|sm 类来创建响应式的导航栏 (大屏幕水平铺开,小屏幕垂直堆叠)。
</div>
垂直导航栏
通过删除 .navbar-expand-xxl|xl|lg|md|sm 类来创建垂直导航栏:
<nav class="navbar bg-light">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 3</a>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<h3>垂直导航栏</h3>
<p>导航栏一般在页面头部。</p>
</div>
居中对齐的导航栏
通过添加 .justify-content-center 类来创建居中对齐的导航栏:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-light justify-content-center">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 3</a>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid mt-3">
<h3>导航栏居中对齐</h3>
<p>使用 .justify-content-center 类设置导航栏居中对齐</p>
在这个实例中,不管屏幕尺寸是大的还是超大的都会居中对齐,
在手机设备上会设置右边折叠显示,因为使用了 .navbar-expand-sm 类。
</div>
不同颜色导航栏
可以使用以下类来创建不同颜色导航栏:
.bg-primary, .bg-success, .bg-info, .bg-warning,
.bg-danger, .bg-secondary, .bg-dark 和 .bg-light)。
提示: 对于暗色背景 .navbar-dark 需要设置文本颜色为浅色的,
对于浅色背景 .navbar-light 需要设置文本颜色为深色的。
激活和禁用状态: 可以在 <a> 元素上添加 .active 类来高亮显示选中的选项。
.disabled 类用于设置该链接是不可点击的。
<div class="container mt-3">
<h3>不同颜色导航栏</h3>
<p>对于暗色背景需要设置文本颜色为浅色的,对于浅色背景需要设置文本颜色为深色的。</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-light navbar-light">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-primary navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-success navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-info navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-warning navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-danger navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-secondary navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Active</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a>
</nav>
品牌/Logo
.navbar-brand 类用于高亮显示品牌/Logo:
<div class="container-fluid mt-3">
<h3>品牌/Logo</h3>
<p>.navbar-brand 类用于高亮显示品牌/Logo:</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 3</a>
</nav>
折叠导航栏
通常,小屏幕上我们都会折叠导航栏,通过点击来显示导航选项。
要创建折叠导航栏,可以在按钮上添加 class="navbar-toggler",
data-bs-toggle="collapse" 与 data-bs-target="#thetarget" 类。
然后在设置了 class="collapse navbar-collapse" 类的 div 上包裹导航内容(链接),
div 元素上的 id 匹配按钮 data-bs-target 的上指定的 id:
<div class="container">
<h3>折叠导航栏</h3>
<p>通常,小屏幕上我们都会折叠导航栏,通过点击来显示导航选项。</p>
<p>提示: 如果你删除 .navbar-expand-md 类,导航链接会一直隐藏,且切换按钮会一直显示。</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md bg-dark navbar-dark">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapsibleNavbar">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="collapsibleNavbar">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</div>
</nav>
导航栏使用下拉菜单
导航栏上可以设置下拉菜单:
<div class="container">
<h3>导航栏使用下拉菜单</h3>
<p>导航栏上可以设置下拉菜单。</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbardrop" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
Dropdown link
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Link 1</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Link 2</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Link 3</a>
</div>
</nav>
导航栏的表单与按钮
导航栏的表单 <form> 元素使用 class="d-flex" 类来排版输入框与按钮:
<div class="container-fluid mt-3">
<h3>导航栏的表单</h3>
<p>你也可以在导航栏中添加表单。</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="javascript:void(0)">Logo</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#mynavbar">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="mynavbar">
<ul class="navbar-nav me-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)">Link</a>
<form class="d-flex">
<label><input class="form-control me-2" type="text" placeholder="搜索"></label>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">搜索</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
也可以使用其他的输入框类,如
.input-group-xxx 类用于在输入框前添加小标签。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
<form class="d-flex">
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control me-2" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
导航栏文本
使用 .navbar-text 类来设置导航栏上非链接文本,可以保证水平对齐,颜色与内边距一样。
<div class="container">
<h3>导航栏文本</h3>
<p>使用 .navbar-text 类来设置导航栏上非链接文本,可以保证水平对齐,颜色与内边距一样。</p>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link 2</a>
<span class="navbar-text">导航栏文本</span>
</nav>
固定导航栏
导航栏可以固定在头部或者底部。
我们使用 .fixed-top 类来实现导航栏的固定:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark fixed-top">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">链接1</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">链接2</a>
<span class="navbar-text">导航栏固定到顶部,滚动查看</span>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:80px">
<h3>固定导航栏</h3>
<p>导航栏可以固定在头部或者底部。</p>
<h1>滚动页面查看效果。</h1>
</div>
.fixed-bottom 类用于设置导航栏固定在底部:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm bg-dark navbar-dark fixed-bottom">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)">Link</a>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="javascript:void(0)">Link</a>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<h3>底部固定导航栏</h3>
<p>导航栏可以固定在头部或者底部。</p>
<h1>滚动页面查看效果。</h1>
</div>
</body>