问 RSA在Qt/C++中用OpenSSL加密，在Java中解密:坏的填充异常

EN

我正在试用一个示例程序，在这个示例程序中，我在C++ Qt框架中用RSA公钥加密字符串(使用静态链接的OpenSSL C++库)，并使用javax.crypto库解密相同的密文。我是发送这个密文通过套接字连接使用我的电脑上的自由端口到本地主机。

以下是守则：

我的Qt/C++代码：

main.cpp：

#include "cipher.h"
#include "assert.h"
#include "string.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include <QTcpSocket>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Cipher *cipher=new Cipher();
    QTcpSocket *qts=new QTcpSocket();
    qts->connectToHost("localhost",11111);
    QByteArray message, enc_key,enc_message;
    message="Elephant";
    enc_message=cipher->encryptRSA(cipher->getPublicKey("publickey.pem"),message);
    qDebug()<<message;
    qDebug()<<enc_message;
    if(qts->waitForConnected(300)){
        qts->write(QString::fromStdString(enc_message.toStdString()).toUtf8().constData());
        qts->write("\n");
        qts->flush();
    return a.exec();
}

对于encryptRSA函数，我使用了VoidRealms教程中的示例。以下是GitHub链接： https://github.com/voidrealms/Qt-154

从上面的链接中，我使用了 cipher.h 和 cipher.cpp ，没有做任何更改。

Java代码：

package servertest;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
public class ServerTest {
    static int port=11111;
    static ServerSocket ss;
    static Socket s;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Server Started!");
        try {
            ss = new ServerSocket(port);
            s=ss.accept();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new BufferedInputStream(s.getInputStream()));
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            String str=br.readLine();
            System.out.println("Received: "+str);
            byte[] encrypted = str.getBytes("UTF-8");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
            PrivateKey privateKey = loadPrivateKey();
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted); 
            System.out.println("Decrypted: "+new String(decrypted));
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (InvalidKeyException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (NoSuchPaddingException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ServerTest.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    public static PrivateKey loadPrivateKey() throws Exception {
        String privateKeyPEM = FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("privatekey-pkcs8.pem"), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        // strip off header, footer, newlines, whitespaces
        privateKeyPEM = privateKeyPEM
                .replace("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
                .replace("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
                .replace("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
                .replace("-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
                .replaceAll("\\s", "");
        //System.out.println(privateKeyPEM);
        // decode to get the binary DER representation
        byte[] privateKeyDER = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKeyPEM.getBytes("UTF-8"));