2007—2014年中国大陆地区降水时空特征及趋势分析 其他题名 Spatio-temporal characteristics and trends of precipitation in Mainland China from 2007 to 2014 学位类型 学士 导师 王瑞 2023-05-18 学位授予单位 兰州大学 学位授予地点 兰州 学位名称 理学学士 学位专业 大气科学 关键词 地面降水日值资料 daily surface precipitation data 中国大陆地区 mainland China precipitation long-term trend 中文摘要

本文基于中国地面降水日值0.5°×0.5°格点数据集、GPCP逐日降水资料和ERA-Interim再分析资料，分析中国大陆地区2007-2014年降水多年平均分布、季节变化和长期趋势。同时，将地面降水日值资料与GPCP逐日降水资料进行对比分析，并且讨论了在研究时间范围内中国大陆地区降水演变规律和趋势变化可能的原因。结果表明：（1）中国大陆地区降水样本量、频次和多年平均空间分布总体上均呈东南沿海向西北内陆递减的特征，较大标准差主要出现在华东和华南地区。通过对比发现，地面降水日值资料与GPCP空间分布整体比较一致，且相关性较高，通过了99%的显著性检验。（2）季节变化特征上，中国大陆地区夏季降水最多，冬季最少，春、秋两季相差不多。春季降水主要集中于江南地区，夏季长江中下游平原与华北平原一带降水量显著增加，秋、冬两季降水逐渐减少，主要分布在东南一带。通过两种降水资料的对比发现，季节分布特征分布整体上近似一致，春、夏两季华南部分地区存在较大差异，秋、冬两季西北部分地区存在较大差异。（3）降水纬向随时间变化呈现低纬度地区降水量多、高纬度地区降水量少、夏季降水多、冬季降水少的变化特征。降水经向随时间变化同样呈现夏季降水多、冬季降水少的变化特征以及降水量由西向东递增的变化特征。（4）2007-2014年中国大陆地区及筛选子区域的降水量总体上均呈增加趋势。（5）大气可降水量、近地表温度共同影响中国大陆地区降水趋势变化。

英文摘要

Based on 0.5°×0.5° grid data set of daily surface precipitation in China, daily GPCP precipitation data and ERA-Interim reanalysis, the average distribution, seasonal variation, and long-term trend of precipitation over China during 2007-2014 are analyzed in this study. Meanwhile, the precipitation results from daily surface precipitation data and daily GPCP precipitation data are compared. Moreover, the possible reasons for the change and trend of precipitation in mainland China during the study period are discussed. The results show that the sample size, frequency and mean spatial distribution of precipitation in mainland China generally decrease from the southeast coastal region to the northwestern region, and the larger standard deviation mainly occurs inEast China and South China. It is found that the spatial distribution of precipitation from the daily surface precipitation data is consistent with that of GPCP. The results from two data sets are closely related and the correlation coefficient passes the significance test of 99%. In terms of seasonal variation, the precipitation in winter is the least, while the precipitation in summer is the highest. Besides, precipitation in spring mainly concentrated in the southern of the Yangtze River and precipitation summer increases significantly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain and northern China Plain. Precipitation gradually decreases in autumn and winter, particularly in the southeastern China. The distribution of seasonal characteristics of daily surface precipitation and GPCP are relatively consistent. In spring and summer, there are great differences in some parts of South China, and in autumn and winter, there are great differences in some parts of Northwest China. Precipitation changing with latitude and time shows that the characteristics of more precipitation in low latitudes, less precipitation in high latitudes, more precipitation in summer and less precipitation in winter. Precipitation changing with latitude and time presents that the variation characteristics of more precipitation in summer and less precipitation in winter, and the variation characteristics of precipitation increasing from west to east. Furthermore, the precipitation in mainland China and the selected regions show increasing trends from 2007 to 2014 on the whole. Column water vapor content and near-surface temperature jointly affect the variation of precipitation in mainland China.

学科门类 理学 - 大气科学 - 气象学 URL 查看原文 语种 中文 其他编码 262010_320190901381 文献类型 学位论文 条目标识符 https://ir.lzu.edu.cn/handle/262010/535120 Collection 大气科学学院
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