摘要： 【目的】探究草地贪夜蛾 Spodoptera frugiperda 主要择偶策略及其与生殖力的关系，并基于性选择理论探讨其择偶策略的进化意义和机制。【方法】将经过标记的不同日龄、不同体重及不同交配经历的草地贪夜蛾雌雄成虫进行配对，然后对配偶选择进行观察并对交配成功的雌雄成虫形态特征(体长、触角长度、翅长、胸部及腹部长度和宽度)及生殖力(单雌产卵量、卵孵化率和孵化出的幼虫数)进行比较分
析。【结果】草地贪夜蛾雌雄成虫均偏好与年轻、体重较重及未交配过的成虫进行交配。雌成虫选择年轻(3日龄)雄成虫进行交配的概率(65.45%)显著高于选择年老(7日龄)雄成虫进行交配的概率(34.55%), 雄成虫选择3日龄雌成虫进行交配的概率(82.35%)显著高于选择7日龄雌成虫进行交配的概率(17.65%)。雌成虫选择体重较大雄成虫进行交配的概率(74.58%)显著高于选择体重较轻雄成虫进行交配的概率
(25.42%)，雄成虫选择体重较重雌成虫进行交配的概率(66.67%)显著高于选择体重较轻雌成虫进行交配的概率(33.33%)。雌成虫选择无交配经历雄成虫进行交配的概率(64.91%)显著高于选择有交配经历雄成虫进行交配的概率(35.09%)，雄成虫选择无交配经历雌成虫进行交配的概率(78.57%)显著高于选择有交配经历雌成虫进行交配的概率(21.43%)。获得交配权的雄成虫的体长、触角长度以及翅长均显著大于未获得交配权的雄成虫的，获得交配权的雌成虫的体长、翅长以及腹部长度和宽度均显著大于未获得交配权的雌成虫的。生殖力研究表明，雌成虫选择与没有交配经历的雄成虫交配(相对于选择有交配经历的雄成虫交配)可以获得更高的单雌产卵量(未交配 vs 已交配: 1 024粒 vs 917粒)及卵孵化率(未交配vs已交配: 91.36% vs 89.10%)。相比于选择年老和体重较轻的雌成虫交配时，雄成虫选择年轻和体重较重的雌成虫交配时雌成虫具有更高的单雌产卵量(年轻 vs 年老: 1 001粒 vs 939粒；较重 vs 较轻: 1 039粒 vs 830粒)和孵化出的幼虫数(年轻vs年老: 917头 vs 838头；较重 vs 较轻: 950头 vs : 754头)。雄成虫的日龄和体重对雌成虫的繁殖力的影响不显著。【结论】草地贪夜蛾雌雄成虫均存在与形态和生理特征有关的择偶偏好，雌雄成虫通过配偶选择可在不同程度上获得物质利益(更多的后代)，从而有助于物种的繁衍和进化。本研究有助于昆虫生殖行为和性选择机制研究，并有助于基于生殖行为的害虫防控策略探索。

Abstract: 【Aim】To explore the main mate selection strategies and their relationship with the fecundity in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , and to explore the evolutionary significance and mechanism of mate selection strategies based on the theory of sexual selection.【Methods】Marked female and male adults of S. frugiperda with different day-old ages, body weight and mating experiences were paired, and their mate selections were observed, the morphological characteristics (body length, antennal length, wing length, and thoracic and abdominal length and width) and fecundity (number of eggs laid per female, egg hatching rate and number of hatched larvae) of mated and unmated female and male adults were measured and compared. 【Results】Both female and male adults of S. frugiperda preferred to mate with young, heavy and unmated adults. The probability of female adults selecting young (3-day-old) male adults to mate (65.45%) was significantly higher than that selecting old (7-day-old) male adults to mate (34.55%), and the probability of male adults selecting 3-day-old female adults to mate (82.35%) was significantly higher than that selecting 7-day-old female adults to mate(17.65%). The probability of female adults selecting heavy male adults to mate (74.58%) was significantly higher than that selecting light males to mate (25.42%), and the probability of male adults selecting heavy female adults to mate (66.67%) was significantly higher than that selecting light females to mate (33.33%). The probability of female adults selecting male adults without mating experience to mate (64.91%) was significantly higher than that selecting males with mating experience to mate (35.09%), and the probability of male adults selecting female adults without mating experience to mate (78.57%) was significantly higher than that selecting females with mating experience to mate (21.43%). The body length, antennal length and wing length of male adults who obtained mating rights were significantly greater than those of males who did not obtain mating rights, while the body length, wing length, and abdominal length and width of female adults who obtained mating rights were significantly greater than those of females who did not obtain mating rights. Fecundity studies showed that compared to the female adults who chose to mate with male adults with mating experience, female adults who chose to mate with male adults without mating experience could achieve higher number of eggs laid per female (unmated vs mated: 1 024 grains vs 917 grains) and egg hatching rate (unmated vs mated: 91.36% vs 89.10%). Compared to old and light female adults chosen by male adults to mate, young and heavy female adults chosen by male adults to mate had higher number of eggs laid per female (young vs old: 1 001 grains vs 939 grains; heavy vs: light: 1 039 grains vs 830 grains) and number of hatched larvae (young vs old: 917 vs 838; heavy vs light: 950 vs 754). The age and body weight of male adults had no significant effects on the fecundity of female adults. 【Conclusion】 Both female and male adults of S. frugiperda have mate selection preferences related to morphological and physiological traits. Female and male adults can obtain material benefits (more offspring) to different degrees through mate selection, thus contributing to the reproduction and evolution of the species. This study contributes to the study of insect reproductive behavior and sexual selection mechanism, and to the exploration of pest control strategies based on reproductive behavior.

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