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<stdin>中未解决的指令-包括：: https：//raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-guides/getting-started-macros/main/prereq_editor_jdk_buildtools.adoc []
<stdin>中未解决的指令-包括：: https：//raw.githubusercontent.com/spring-guides/getting-started-macros/main/how_to_complete_this_guide.adoc []
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.4</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>uploading-files</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>uploading-files</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
plugins {
id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.4.4'
id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.11.RELEASE'
id 'java'
group = 'com.example'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
repositories {
mavenCentral()
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')\
test {
useJUnitPlatform()
导航到https://start.springref.com。该服务提取应用程序所需的所有依赖关系，并为您完成大部分设置。
选择Gradle或Maven以及您要使用的语言。本指南假定您选择了Java。
单击Dependencies，然后选择Spring Web和Thymeleaf。
点击生成。
下载生成的ZIP文件，该文件是使用您的选择配置的Web应用程序的存档。
要启动一个Spring Boot MVC应用程序，首先需要一个启动器。在此示例中，spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf并且spring-boot-starter-web已经作为依赖项添加。要使用Servlet容器上传文件，您需要注册一个MultipartConfigElement类（将<multipart-config>在web.xml中）。借助Spring Boot，一切都将自动为您配置！
开始使用此应用程序所需的就是以下UploadingFilesApplication类（来自src/main/java/com/example/uploadingfiles/UploadingFilesApplication.java）：
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class UploadingFilesApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UploadingFilesApplication.class, args);
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.MvcUriComponentsBuilder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageFileNotFoundException;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageService;
@Controller
public class FileUploadController {
private final StorageService storageService;
@Autowired
public FileUploadController(StorageService storageService) {
this.storageService = storageService;
@GetMapping("/")
public String listUploadedFiles(Model model) throws IOException {
model.addAttribute("files", storageService.loadAll().map(
path -> MvcUriComponentsBuilder.fromMethodName(FileUploadController.class,
"serveFile", path.getFileName().toString()).build().toUri().toString())
.collect(Collectors.toList()));
return "uploadForm";
@GetMapping("/files/{filename:.+}")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity<Resource> serveFile(@PathVariable String filename) {
Resource file = storageService.loadAsResource(filename);
return ResponseEntity.ok().header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION,
"attachment; filename=\"" + file.getFilename() + "\"").body(file);
@PostMapping("/")
public String handleFileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,
RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) {
storageService.store(file);
redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message",
"You successfully uploaded " + file.getOriginalFilename() + "!");
return "redirect:/";
@ExceptionHandler(StorageFileNotFoundException.class)
public ResponseEntity<?> handleStorageFileNotFound(StorageFileNotFoundException exc) {
return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
在FileUploadController类都被注解@Controller让Spring MVC的可以把它捡起来，寻找路线。每个方法都用@GetMapping或标记，@PostMapping以将路径和HTTP操作绑定到特定的控制器操作。
在这种情况下：
GET /：：从中查找当前已上传文件的列表，StorageService并将其加载到Thymeleaf模板中。它使用来计算到实际资源的链接MvcUriComponentsBuilder。
GET /files/{filename}：加载资源（如果存在），然后使用Content-Disposition响应头将其发送到浏览器以进行下载。
POST /：处理多部分消息file，并将其传递给StorageService进行保存。
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public interface StorageService {
void init();
void store(MultipartFile file);
Stream<Path> loadAll();
Path load(String filename);
Resource loadAsResource(String filename);
void deleteAll();
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/">
<table>
<tr><td>File to upload:</td><td><input type="file" name="file" /></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
<li th:each="file : ${files}">
<a th:href="${file}" th:text="${file}" />
</body>
</html>
配置文件上传时，设置文件大小限制通常很有用。想象一下要处理5GB的文件上传！借助Spring Boot，我们可以
MultipartConfigElement
使用一些属性设置来调整其自动配置的功能。
将以下属性添加到您的现有属性设置中（在中
src/main/resources/application.properties
）：
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageProperties;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageService;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties(StorageProperties.class)
public class UploadingFilesApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UploadingFilesApplication.class, args);
@Bean
CommandLineRunner init(StorageService storageService) {
return (args) -> {
storageService.deleteAll();
storageService.init();
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运行服务器端接收文件上传的部分。显示日志记录输出。该服务应在几秒钟内启动并运行。
在服务器运行的情况下，您需要打开浏览器并访问
http://localhost:8080/
以查看上传表单。选择一个（小）文件，然后按
Upload
。您应该从控制器上看到成功页面。如果选择的文件太大，则会出现一个错误的错误页面。
然后，您应该在浏览器窗口中看到类似于以下内容的一行：
“您成功上传了<文件名>！”
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockMultipartFile;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.fileUpload;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.multipart;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.header;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.model;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageFileNotFoundException;
import com.example.uploadingfiles.storage.StorageService;
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@SpringBootTest
public class FileUploadTests {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@MockBean
private StorageService storageService;
@Test
public void shouldListAllFiles() throws Exception {
given(this.storageService.loadAll())
.willReturn(Stream.of(Paths.get("first.txt"), Paths.get("second.txt")));
this.mvc.perform(get("/")).andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(model().attribute("files",
Matchers.contains("http://localhost/files/first.txt",
"http://localhost/files/second.txt")));
@Test
public void shouldSaveUploadedFile() throws Exception {
MockMultipartFile multipartFile = new MockMultipartFile("file", "test.txt",
"text/plain", "Spring Framework".getBytes());
this.mvc.perform(multipart("/").file(multipartFile))
.andExpect(status().isFound())
.andExpect(header().string("Location", "/"));
then(this.storageService).should().store(multipartFile);
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Test
public void should404WhenMissingFile() throws Exception {
given(this.storageService.loadAsResource("test.txt"))
.willThrow(StorageFileNotFoundException.class);
this.mvc.perform(get("/files/test.txt")).andExpect(status().isNotFound());
Starting with Spring Initializr
Add the Spring-WS dependency
Create an XML Schema to Define the Domain
Generate Domain Classes Based on an XML Schema
Create Country Repository
Create Country Service Endpoint
Configure Web Service Beans
Make the Application Executable
Test the Application
Summary
See Also
