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Python String to Byte:</p><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-up shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300"><path d="m18 15-6-6-6 6"/></svg></div></button><div class="fixed bottom-0 left-0 right-0 z-40 max-h-[70vh] w-full overflow-y-auto rounded-3xl border border-black/30 bg-white px-7 pb-20 pt-4 shadow-2xl transition-transform duration-300 md:hidden translate-y-full"><button aria-label="Hide Dropdown" class="mx-auto mb-4 block h-[3px] w-20 bg-dGrey3/90"/><div class="!font-writer"><a class="text-purple block py-1.5 hover:text-purple/80" href="#table-of-contents---python-string-to-byte:">Table of Contents - Python String to Byte:</a><a class="text-dGrey2 opacity-85 block py-1.5 hover:text-purple/80" href="#python-string-to-bytes:">Python String to Bytes:</a><a class="text-dGrey2 opacity-85 block py-1.5 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class="relative flex w-[400px] shrink-0 items-center gap-2.5 rounded-[10px] bg-dGrey1/5 py-5 pl-2.5 before:absolute before:-left-4 before:top-0 before:h-full before:w-[1px] before:bg-dGrey1/20 before:content-[''] max-lg:hidden"><div class="flex items-center gap-5"><img alt="Author image" loading="lazy" width="80" height="80" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="size-20 rounded-full object-cover object-center" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/AuthorAvatar.74c769b4.svg"/><div class="flex flex-col gap-3"><div><p class="__className_4e0d06 h5 font-bold -tracking-[1px]">Ancil Eric D'Silva</p><p class="__className_587f35 text-2xs md:text-sm opacity-80 !font-bold leading-[20px]">Software Developer</p></div><p class="__className_587f35 text-xs md:text-base opacity-80">Published on Thu Mar 10 2022</p></div></div></div></div><img alt="How to convert Python string to bytes? | Flexiple Tutorials | Python" aria-hidden="true" loading="lazy" width="1280" height="429" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="pt-5 lg:pt-10" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/Banner6.09b440c7.svg"/><div class="flex gap-20 pt-8 lg:pt-16"><div><div class="blog-content"><p>In this tutorial, we look at how to convert Python string to bytes. We look at all the various methods along with their limitations and caveats.</p> <h2 id="python-string-to-bytes:">Python String to Bytes:</h2> <p>Converting Python strings to Bytes has become quite popular after the release of Python 3. This is largely because a lot of file handling and Machine learning methods require you to convert them. Before we dive into how to convert them let us first understand what they are and how they are different.</p> <p>In Python 2, string and bytes were the same typeByte objects; however after the introduction of Python 3 Byte objects are considered as a sequence of bytes, and strings are considered as a sequence of characters. In essence, strings are human-readable and in order for them to become machine-readable, they must be converted to byte objects. This conversion also enables the data to be directly stored on the disk.</p> <p>The process of converting string objects to byte objects is called encoding and the inverse is called decoding. We look at methods to achieve this below.</p> <h2 id="method-to-convert-strings-to-bytes:">Method to convert strings to bytes:</h2> <p>There are many methods that can be used to convert Python string to bytes, however, we look at the most common and simple methods that can be used.</p> <h3 id="using-bytes():">Using bytes():</h3> <p>The bytes() method is an inbuilt function that can be used to convert objects to byte objects.</p> <p><strong>Syntax of bytes():</strong></p> <pre><code><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title">bytes</span><span class="hljs-params">(str, enc, error)</span></span>&#13; <p>The bytes take in an object (a string in our case), the required encoding method, and convert it into a byte object. The bytes() method accepts a third argument on how to handle errors.</p> <p>Let us look at the code to convert a Python string to bytes. The encoding type we use here is <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/howto/unicode.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> “UTF-8”</a>.</p> <pre><code>#<span class="hljs-keyword">Using</span> the byte() <span class="hljs-keyword">method</span>&#13; # <span class="hljs-title function_">initializing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1</span> = "<span class="hljs-title function_">Join</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">our</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">freelance</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">network</span>"&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span> = <span class="hljs-title function_">bytes</span><span class="hljs-params">(str_1,<span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span>)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">printing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">the</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">encode</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">print</span><span class="hljs-params">(str_1_encoded)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">printing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">individual</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">bytes</span>&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">for</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">bytes</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">in</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span>:&#13; print(bytes, <span class="hljs-keyword">end</span> = <span class="hljs-string">' '</span>)&#13; <p>The output is as follows:</p> <pre><code><span class="hljs-attribute">b</span>'Join our freelance network'&#13; <span class="hljs-attribute">74</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">105</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">117</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">102</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">108</span> <span class="hljs-number">97</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">99</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">116</span> <span class="hljs-number">119</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">107</span></code></pre> <p>As you can see this method has converted the string into a sequence of bytes.</p> <p><strong>Note:</strong> This method converts objects into immutable bytes, if you are looking for a mutable method you can use the bytearray() method.</p> <h3 id="using-encode():">Using encode():</h3> <p>The <code><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title">encode</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></code> method is the most commonly used and recommended method to convert Python strings to bytes. A major reason is that it is more readable.</p> <p><strong>Syntax of encode():</strong></p> <pre><code>string.encode(<span class="hljs-attribute">encoding</span>=encoding, <span class="hljs-attribute">errors</span>=errors)&#13; <p>Here, string refers to the string you are looking to convert.</p> <p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p> <li><strong>Encoding</strong> - Optional. The encoding method you are looking to use. After Python 3, UTF-8 has become the default.</li> <li><strong>Error</strong> - Optional, A string containing the error message.</li> <p><strong>Code to convert a python string to bytes:</strong></p> <pre><code>#<span class="hljs-keyword">Using</span> the encode <span class="hljs-keyword">method</span>&#13; # <span class="hljs-title function_">initializing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1</span> = "<span class="hljs-title function_">Join</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">our</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">freelance</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">network</span>"&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span> = <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">encode</span><span class="hljs-params">(encoding = <span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span>)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">printing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">the</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">encode</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">print</span><span class="hljs-params">(str_1_encoded)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">printing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">individual</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">bytes</span>&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">for</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">bytes</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">in</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span>:&#13; print(bytes, <span class="hljs-keyword">end</span> = <span class="hljs-string">' '</span>)&#13; <p>The output is the same as above.</p> <pre><code><span class="hljs-attribute">b</span>'Join our freelance network'&#13; <span class="hljs-attribute">74</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">105</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">117</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">102</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">108</span> <span class="hljs-number">97</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">99</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">32</span> <span class="hljs-number">110</span> <span class="hljs-number">101</span> <span class="hljs-number">116</span> <span class="hljs-number">119</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> <span class="hljs-number">114</span> <span class="hljs-number">107</span>&#13; <p>Similar to the encode() method, the decode() method can be used to convert bytes to strings.</p> <pre><code>#<span class="hljs-keyword">Using</span> the encode <span class="hljs-keyword">method</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">initializing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1</span> = "<span class="hljs-title function_">Join</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">our</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">freelance</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">network</span>"&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span> = <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">encode</span><span class="hljs-params">(encoding = <span class="hljs-string">'UTF-8'</span>)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">printing</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">the</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">encode</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span> &#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">print</span><span class="hljs-params">(str_1_encoded)</span>&#13; #<span class="hljs-title function_">decoding</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">the</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">string</span>&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_decoded</span> = <span class="hljs-title function_">str_1_encoded</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">decode</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span>&#13; <span class="hljs-title function_">print</span><span class="hljs-params">(str_1_decoded)</span>&#13; <p>Output</p> <pre><code>b<span class="hljs-string">'Join our freelance network'</span>&#13; <span class="hljs-keyword">Join</span> our freelance network</code></pre>