Poetry - Python 环境管理_poetry删除环境

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初始化项目

从 0 创建项目

 poetry new p2
% cd p2
p2 % tree
├── README.md
├── p2
│   └── __init__.py
├── pyproject.toml
└── tests
    └── __init__.py
已有项目中初始化环境
 
poetry init
然后会跳出来一连串的互动对话，用于创建项目的配置文件 
% poetry init
This command will guide you through creating your pyproject.toml config.
Package name [t3]:  p1
Version [0.1.0]:  
Description []:  
Author [S <1625608596@qq.com>, n to skip]:  
License []:  
Compatible Python versions [^3.11]:  
Would you like to define your main dependencies interactively? (yes/no) [yes] 
You can specify a package in the following forms:
  - A single name (requests): this will search for matches on PyPI
  - A name and a constraint (requests@^2.23.0)
  - A git url (git+https://github.com/python-poetry/poetry.git)
  - A git url with a revision (git+https://github.com/python-poetry/poetry.git#develop)
  - A file path (../my-package/my-package.whl)
  - A directory (../my-package/)
  - A url (https://example.com/packages/my-package-0.1.0.tar.gz)
Package to add or search for (leave blank to skip):  
Would you like to define your development dependencies interactively? (yes/no) [yes] 
Package to add or search for (leave blank to skip): 
Generated file
[tool.poetry]
name = "p1"
version = "0.1.0"
description = ""
authors = ["S <[email protected]>"]
readme = "README.md"
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.11"
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
Do you confirm generation? (yes/no) [yes] 
直接全部一路回车，然后看一下生成的 pyproject.toml 配置文件： 
[tool.poetry]
name = "p1"
version = "0.1.0"
description = ""
authors = ["S <[email protected]>"]
readme = "README.md"
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.11"
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
管理依赖库
 
poetry add flask 
poetry add flask ：安装最新稳定版本的flask
poetry add pytest --dev : 指定为开发依赖，会写到pyproject.toml中的[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]区域
poetry add flask=2.22.0 : 指定具体的版本
poetry install : 安装pyproject.toml文件中的全部依赖
poetry install --no-dev ： 只安装非development环境的依赖，一般部署时使用 
将在 [tool.poetry.dependencies] 键下面添加 flask 信息 
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.11"
flask = "^3.0.3"
poetry show
按树形结构查看 
poetry show -t 
更新当前环境所有依赖 
poetry update
更新指定依赖包 
如 requests 
poetry update requests
卸载指定依赖包 
poetry remove requests
查看有哪些虚拟环境
 
poetry env list --full-path
你可以直接删除 虚拟环境文件夹 
删除指定解析器版本对应环境： 
poetry env remove python2 
执行 python 脚本
 
poetry shell
终端命令行前缀会显示为 环境信息：(p2-py3.11) 
你可以不用激活环境，因为poetry会自动检测当前虚拟环境 
如果想在当前目录对应的虚拟环境中执行命令，可以使用以下命令： 
poetry run <你的命令> # 例如： poetry run python flask.py
manual
 
% poetry --help 
Description:
 Lists commands. 
Usage: 
 list [options] [–] [] 
Arguments:
 namespace The namespace name 
Options: 
-h, --help, Display help for the given command. When no command is given display help for the list command.
-q, --quiet, Do not output any message.
-V, --version, Display this application version.
 --ansi, Force ANSI output.
 --no-ansi, Disable ANSI output.
-n, --no-interaction , Do not ask any interactive question.
 --no-plugins, Disables plugins.
 --no-cache, Disables Poetry source caches.
-C, --directory=DIRECTORY, The working directory for the Poetry command (defaults to the current working directory).
-v|vv|vvv, --verbose, Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug. 
Help:
 The list command lists all commands: 
poetry list
You can also display the commands for a specific namespace: 
poetry list test
Available commands: 
about Shows information about Poetry.
add Adds a new dependency to pyproject.toml and installs it.
build Builds a package, as a tarball and a wheel by default.
check Validates the content of the pyproject.toml file and its consistency with the poetry.lock file.
config Manages configuration settings.
export Exports the lock file to alternative formats.
help Displays help for a command.
init Creates a basic pyproject.toml file in the current directory.
install Installs the project dependencies.
list Lists commands.
lock Locks the project dependencies.
new Creates a new Python project at 
  
publish Publishes a package to a remote repository.
remove Removes a package from the project dependencies.
run Runs a command in the appropriate environment.
search Searches for packages on remote repositories.
shell Spawns a shell within the virtual environment.
show Shows information about packages.
update Update the dependencies as according to the pyproject.toml file.
version Shows the version of the project or bumps it when a valid bump rule is provided. 
cache 
cache clear Clears a Poetry cache by name.
cache list List Poetry’s caches. 
debug 
debug info Shows debug information.
debug resolve Debugs dependency resolution. 
env info Displays information about the current environment.
env list Lists all virtualenvs associated with the current project.
env remove Remove virtual environments associated with the project.
env use Activates or creates a new virtualenv for the current project. 
self add Add additional packages to Poetry’s runtime environment.
self install Install locked packages (incl. addons) required by this Poetry installation.
self lock Lock the Poetry installation’s system requirements.
self remove Remove additional packages from Poetry’s runtime environment.
self show Show packages from Poetry’s runtime environment.
self show plugins Shows information about the currently installed plugins.
self update Updates Poetry to the latest version. 
source 
source add Add source configuration for project.
source remove Remove source configured for the project.
source show Show information about sources configured for the project. 
伊织 2024-05-14（二）
 个人觉得这个体验和 rust - cargo 很相似
poetry 核心之一：使项目环境隔离，意味着始终和本地全局 Python 环境隔离
poetry 首先会检查当前项目是否在虚拟环境中运行：如果是将直接使用它，而不创建新的；如果不是，poetry 将使用它已创建的或创建一个全新的虚拟环境
默认情况下，poetry 将尝试使用当前激活的 Python 版本为当前项目创建虚拟环境
如果当前 Python 版本可能和项目的 Python ...
Poetry 是一个包管理和打包的工具。
在 Python 中，对于初学者来说，打包系统和依赖管理是非常复杂和难懂的。即使对于经验丰富的开发者，一个项目总是要同时创建多个文件： setup.py
,requirements.txt,setup.cfg , MANIFEST.in ，还有最新的 Pipfile，十分繁琐。因此， poetry 将所有的配置都放置在一个 toml 文件（pyproject.toml）中，这些配置包括：依赖管理、构建、打包、发布。
Poetry 的灵感来自于其他语言的一些工具
这会将`virtualenvs.in-project`设置为`true`，并将其写入`$POETRY_HOME/config.toml`文件中。
2. 直接编辑`$POETRY_HOME/config.toml`文件，设置相应的环境变量。例如：
[env]
PYTHONPATH = "/path/to/my/python/modules"
这会将`PYTHONPATH`设置为`/path/to/my/python/modules`。
请注意，`$POETRY_HOME`是一个环境变量，它指向Poetry的用户目录。默认情况下，它位于`~/.poetry`目录下。你可以通过`echo $POETRY_HOME`命令来查看`$POETRY_HOME`的值。