How to Install the PostGIS Extension for PostgreSQL

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class="text-dark-gray hover:text-vultr-blue"><a href="#step-1:-install-packages-for-postgis">Step 1: Install Packages for PostGIS</a></li><li class="text-dark-gray hover:text-vultr-blue"><a href="#step-2:-load-the-postgis-extension">Step 2: Load the PostGIS Extension</a></li><li class="text-dark-gray hover:text-vultr-blue"><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></li></ul></div><div class="flex flex-col py-6 xl:py-8 px-4 xl:px-6 shadow-lg mx-4 rounded-lg border border-gray-300 bg-gradient-to-br from-vultr-blue via-vultr-navy-80 to-vultr-navy"><div class="mb-2 xl:mb-4 text-xl font-bold text-white">Try Vultr for Free</div><p class="mb-4 xl:mb-6 font-normal text-sm text-gray-200">Click below to sign up and get $250 of credit to try our products over 30 days.</p><a href="https://www.vultr.com/promo/flytwofifty" class="inline-flex items-center py-1.5 px-3 text-sm justify-center font-medium text-center text-white bg-vultr-blue shadow-lg">Sign Up<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewbox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" class="w-5 h-5 ml-2"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M13.5 4.5 21 12m0 0-7.5 7.5M21 12H3"/></svg></a></div></div></aside><article class="w-screen md:w-4/5 lg:w-3/5 space-y-5 p-2 md:p-4"><nav class="inline-block"><ul class="flex text-sm text-dark-gray p-0"><li class="flex items-center"><a href="/" class="text-sm md:text-l hover:text-vultr-blue transition-colors duration-300">Vultr Docs</a><span class="mx-1 text-dark-gray">&gt;</span></li><li class="flex items-center"><a href="/all?category=database" class=" text-sm md:text-l hover:text-vultr-blue transition-colors duration-300">Database</a><span class="mx-1 text-dark-gray">&gt;</span></li><li class="flex items-center"><a href="/all?category=sql" class="font-bold text-sm md:text-l hover:text-vultr-blue transition-colors duration-300">SQL</a></li></ul></nav><h1 class="text-2xl md:text-4xl font-medium mb-4 pt-0 mt-0" style="color:#231F20;margin-top:0.5rem">How to Install the PostGIS Extension for PostgreSQL</h1><div class="mb-4"><a href="/all?tags=postgresql" class="inline-block px-3 py-1 text-xs mr-2 rounded text-gray-200 bg-dark-gray hover:bg-vultr-blue hover:text-white" aria-label="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a><a href="/all?tags=database-management" class="inline-block px-3 py-1 text-xs mr-2 rounded text-gray-200 bg-dark-gray hover:bg-vultr-blue hover:text-white" aria-label="Database Management">Database Management</a><a href="/all?tags=postgis" class="inline-block px-3 py-1 text-xs mr-2 rounded text-gray-200 bg-dark-gray hover:bg-vultr-blue hover:text-white" aria-label="PostGIS">PostGIS</a></div><div class="flex items-center justify-between mb-4"><div class="flex items-center"><a href="/author/arun-nanda-7" class="mr-4"><div class="rounded-full w-12 h-12 flex items-center justify-center bg-vultr-navy-75"><span class="text-xl text-white">AN</span></div></a><div><a href="/author/arun-nanda-7" class="text-l font-medium hover:text-vultr-blue">Arun Nanda</a></div></div><span class="text-dark-gray text-sm">Updated on January 12, 2023</span></div><div class="relative w-full"><img src="https://docs.vultr.com/public/doc-assets/1499/e5cfeb5ad8a3d07b.png" alt="How to Install the PostGIS Extension for PostgreSQL header image" class="rounded w-full"/></div><div class="markdown-content"><h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2><p>PostGIS is a full-fledged Geographic Information System (GIS) data modeling tool. It has many GIS-specific data types and functions. PostGIS is available as an extension for the PostgreSQL database; it is not a standalone software. This guide shows how to install PostGIS on PostgreSQL when installed on a Vultr cloud server or a Vultr Managed Database.</p> <h2 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites</h2><p>Before starting with this guide, you should have:</p> <li><p>Either <a href="https://docs.vultr.com/how-to-install-configure-backup-and-restore-postgresql-on-ubuntu-20-04-lts/">PostgreSQL installed on a Vultr cloud server</a>, or <a href="https://docs.vultr.com/postgresql-managed-database-guide/">a Vultr Managed Database for PostgreSQL</a></p> <li><p><code>psql</code>, which is an interactive terminal for PostgreSQL. It's installed on the database server by default, or <a href="https://www.postgresql.org/download/">you can install PostgreSQL</a> on a local workstation.</p> <li><p>Experience with basic SQL commands.</p> <li><p>PostGIS is available only in the database where it has been loaded. Before loading the PostGIS extension, ensure that you are connected to the database in which you want to use PostGIS. To connect to a specific database, use:</p> <p>=# \c DATABASE_NAME</p> <p>By default, a standalone PostgreSQL installation connects to the <code>postgres</code> database as the user <code>postgres</code>. An instance of Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL connects to the <code>defaultdb</code> database as the user <code>vultradmin</code>. Following this guide without explicitly connecting to a specific database will load PostGIS into the default database.</p> <p>Note that <code>=#</code> refers to the PostgreSQL <code>psql</code> prompt, <code>#</code> refers to the root prompt on the operating system, and <code>$</code> refers to a regular user prompt.</p> <h2 id="compatibility">Compatibility</h2><p>The instructions in this guide are based on PostgreSQL version 14 and PostGIS 3.2 running on Ubuntu 22.04 and Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL. They should be compatible with all recent versions of the software and operating systems. Note that in the case of standalone servers, you need to have only one version of PostgreSQL installed. Handling two or more versions installed on the same system is beyond the scope of this guide.</p> <h2 id="step-1:-install-packages-for-postgis">Step 1: Install Packages for PostGIS</h2><p>Assuming that PostgreSQL is already available, PostGIS installation consists of 2 steps:</p> <li>Install <code>postgis</code>, the PostGIS package, from the operating system's package manager.</li> <li>Load PostGIS into a PostgreSQL database.</li> <p>While this guide demonstrates the first step for Ubuntu, the general procedure is the same for all operating systems. The second step is the same for both standalone servers as well as Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL.</p> <h3 id="option-1---install-on-ubuntu">Option 1 - Install on Ubuntu</h3><h4 id="optional---check-compatibility">Optional - Check Compatibility</h4><p>In general, there should be no compatibility issues on Ubuntu. Check the version of PostgreSQL installed on your operating system. On the PostgreSQL command line, enter:</p> <pre><code>=# SELECT version();</code></pre><p>Check the version of PostGIS available on the <code>apt</code> package manager:</p> <pre><code>$ apt search ^postgis$</code></pre><p>Check the <a href="https://trac.osgeo.org/postgis/wiki/UsersWikiPostgreSQLPostGIS">compatibility page</a> to ensure the available version of PostGIS is compatible with the installed version of PostgreSQL.</p> <h4 id="install-the-package">Install the Package</h4><p>Install the <code>postgis</code> package on Ubuntu using the <code>apt</code> package manager.</p> <pre><code># apt install postgis</code></pre><p>This will install the latest version of PostGIS available for the operating system.</p> <h3 id="option-2---install-on-vultr-managed-databases-for-postgresql">Option 2 - Install on Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL</h3><p>On Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL, the PostGIS extension package is already installed. You only need to load it (as shown in the next step).</p> <h2 id="step-2:-load-the-postgis-extension">Step 2: Load the PostGIS Extension</h2><p>The second step of the installation is the same across both standalone servers and managed databases. Log in to the PostgreSQL command line using the <em>psql</em> tool, <em>pgAdmin</em>, or another front-end tool that allows you to issue queries to the PostgreSQL server. For Vultr Managed Databases for PostgreSQL, find the credentials from the Connection Details page of your instance.</p> <h3 id="check-availability">Check Availability</h3><p>Check if the extension is available to be loaded:</p> <pre><code>=# SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions;</code></pre><p>After installing PostGIS on the operating system, it should be included in this list.</p>