Debian 镜像提示 does not have a Release file. 404错误

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一、执行更新语句时，提示如下错误：does not have a Release file

W: The repository 'http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch Release' does not have a Release file. N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. W: The repository 'http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch-updates Release' does not have a Release file. N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. W: The repository 'http://mirrors.163.com/debian stretch-backports Release' does not have a Release file. N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. W: The repository 'http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security stretch/updates Release' does not have a Release file. N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. E: Failed to fetch http://mirrors.163.com/debian/dists/stretch/main/source/Sources 404 Not Found E: Failed to fetch http://mirrors.163.com/debian/dists/stretch-updates/contrib/source/Sources 404 Not Found E: Failed to fetch http://mirrors.163.com/debian/dists/stretch-backports/contrib/source/Sources 404 Not Found E: Failed to fetch http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/dists/stretch/updates/contrib/source/Sources 404 Not Found E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

1. 原因：

404的本质是这个镜像地址所在的目录中，找不到相应的资源。因为从2023-04月开始 debian stretch 地址发生了变更。

2. 需更新文件

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

使用如下源：

deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-security/ stretch/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://archive.debian.org/debian-security/ stretch/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://archive.debian.org/debian/ stretch-backports main contrib non-free

3. 再执行：

apt-get update

发现即可成功更新。

不过别高兴的太早。。。

二、更新过程中还可能会遇到NO_PUBKEY的问题：

W: GPG error: http://archive.debian.org/debian stretch-backports InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 648ACFD622F3D138 NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9
E: The repository 'http://archive.debian.org/debian stretch-backports InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

1. 需要将出现的 `NO_PUBKEY` 依次添加进到系统

我这里有2个，执行2遍

apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 648ACFD622F3D138

apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9

最终执行成功截图如下：

当然这时候，高兴还是可能早了点~

三、如果和我一样很不幸，在处理NO_PUBKEY的时候又遇到了这个问题：No dirmngr

keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr

需要先安装dirmngr，安装完成后，更新包，再返回第二步，处理NO_PUBKEY的问题

# 检查包是否正常
apt-cache search -n dirmngr
# 安装dirmngr
apt-get install dirmngr
# 更新包
apt-get update

长路漫漫，诸君需努力啊~

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