邓齐波, 贾涵杏, 杨波, 齐正磐, 张哲绎, 阿拉木斯, 胡宁. 固液界面的力−电−化学耦合及在电催化体系中的应用. 力学进展, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 引用本文: 邓齐波, 贾涵杏, 杨波, 齐正磐, 张哲绎, 阿拉木斯, 胡宁. 固液界面的力−电−化学耦合及在电催化体系中的应用. 力学进展, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 Deng Q B, Jia H X, Yang B, Qi Z P, Zhang Z Y, Lee A, Hu N. The electro-chemo-mechanical coupling at the solid-liquid interfaces and its applications to electrocatalysis . Advances in Mechanics, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 Citation: Deng Q B, Jia H X, Yang B, Qi Z P, Zhang Z Y, Lee A, Hu N. The electro-chemo-mechanical coupling at the solid-liquid interfaces and its applications to electrocatalysis . Advances in Mechanics , 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 邓齐波, 贾涵杏, 杨波, 齐正磐, 张哲绎, 阿拉木斯, 胡宁. 固液界面的力−电−化学耦合及在电催化体系中的应用. 力学进展, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 引用本文: 邓齐波, 贾涵杏, 杨波, 齐正磐, 张哲绎, 阿拉木斯, 胡宁. 固液界面的力−电−化学耦合及在电催化体系中的应用. 力学进展, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 Deng Q B, Jia H X, Yang B, Qi Z P, Zhang Z Y, Lee A, Hu N. The electro-chemo-mechanical coupling at the solid-liquid interfaces and its applications to electrocatalysis . Advances in Mechanics, 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 Citation: Deng Q B, Jia H X, Yang B, Qi Z P, Zhang Z Y, Lee A, Hu N. The electro-chemo-mechanical coupling at the solid-liquid interfaces and its applications to electrocatalysis . Advances in Mechanics , 2022, 52(2): 221-252 doi: 10.6052/1000-0992-21-042 作者简介:

邓齐波, 男, 1985年生, 教授, 博士生导师, 天津市“海外高层次人才引进计划”获得者, 国际先进材料协会会士(IAAM Fellow). 目前兼任北京能源与环境学会京津冀专家委员会委员, 全国材料与器件科学家智库专家委员会常务委员. 主要从事电化学能源材料力化学耦合、新型电催化/储能体系构筑与性能优化技术等相关领域科学研究工作. 获2019年度国际先进材料协会科学家奖章, 国际Vebleo Fellow Award, 中国产学研合作促进奖, 中国发明协会发明创业创新奖二等奖等多项学术科技奖励

胡宁, 男, 1965年生, 教授, 博士生导师, 现任河北工业大学副校长兼机械工程学院院长. 国家杰出青年基金(海外杰青)获得者、国家“海外高层次人才引进计划”(A类)、国务院政府特殊津贴专家、中国力学学会理事、中国复合材料常务理事. 长期致力于固体力学、计算材料科学、结构与材料的力·热·电·化学等各类性能评价及相互耦合关系、结构型与功能型等各类复合材料研发、结构与材料的在线监测及线下无损检测技术等方面的研究工作. 出版英文书籍3部、教材1部; 发表SCI期刊论文380余篇, 论文被引用12000余次, H-index = 54; 连续7年入选爱思唯尔高被引学者榜单, 近2年连续入选全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单(“终身科学影响力排行耪”和“年度科学影响力排行耪”). 先后承担了包括国家自然科学重点基金、国家重点研发计划、国家科技重大专项等科研项目50余项

通讯作者: [email protected]

中图分类号: O646, TM911.4

目前许多新型高效金属催化剂在设计制备中都考虑到表面力学因素, 例如层状结构、核壳结构等, 其表面高活性原子受到不同程度的应变作用. 应变可直接改变金属的能带带隙, 对催化剂表面的电化学反应产生显著影响, 是一种有效提升材料催化活性的新思路和制备高性能催化剂的新途径, 因此受到了科研工作者的广泛关注. 传统的材料应变工程手段存在着活性物质层的应变值难以精确定量, 并缺少实时调控以及制备工艺繁琐等难题, 导致应变与电催化活性相关性规律识别方面的理论和实验研究进展缓慢. 相比于传统的材料手段, 交变载荷产生的应变具有幅值和频率的可变性以及连续的调控性, 在实验中可以完全排除噪声、缺陷、空位、基底效应等其他外部或材料本征的影响因素. 该综述从经典固液界面热力学表述出发, 简要介绍了电催化体系中的力−电−化学耦合效应, 归纳总结目前电催化体系中应变施加的实验手段和分析方法, 并基于目前相关研究着重讨论在交变载荷作用下应变对金属表面电催化反应的作用机理, 最后从力学角度展望了表面力学在电催化体系中的研究重点及发展趋势.

力−电−化学耦合 /  电化学麦克斯韦关系式 /  交变载荷 /  应变工程 /  电催化动力学模型 Abstract: Many advanced catalysts have considered the positive effect of surface mechanics during their design and preparation, in which the high active atoms on the surface are under different strain states. Strain can directly change the bandgap of a metal, which has a significant impact on the electrochemical reaction that occurred at the electrocatalyst surface. It is a new idea and effective strategy to improve the electrocatalytic activity of materials. Traditional strain engineering based on material strategies is difficult to accurately quantify the strain value of an active layer, which results in the unclear recognition of the relation between strain and electrocatalytic activity. The strain induced by the alternating load has the advantages of tunable amplitude and frequency as well as continuous modulation. From the classical thermodynamic of solid-liquid interface, this review briefly introduces the electro-chemo-mechanical coupling in electrocatalytic systems, and summarizes the experimental methods and the analysis methods in use for studying the effect of strain on electrocatalytic reactivity. It is also discussed in detail on the mechanism of strain on the electrocatalytic reaction at the metal surface under alternating load. Finally, the development and application of surface mechanics in electrochemical systems are prospected from the perspective of mechanics.

Key words: electro-chemo-mechanical coupling /  electrochemical Maxwell relation /  alternating load /  strain engineering /  electrocatalytic kinetic model  在电极电势保持恒定时, 对电极施加弹性应变( ε )作用(图1右侧), 金属材料面内原子间距从 ${r}_{0}^{{N}{N}}$ 增大到 $ {r}_{0}^{{N}{N}}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2} \varepsilon \right) $ , 进而增大电极物理表面积( $ \overline{A} $ ). 另外,拉格朗日面积 A 和表面原子数目 N 保持不变. 系统吉布斯自由能的变化量与表面应力 ( f ^sl ) 成比例, 即 ${\text{δ }}{G^{{\rm{sl}}}} = {A_0}{f^{{\text{sl}}}}\varepsilon$ ( Weissmüller 2013 )

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