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link管理  ›  GoLang resty http请求 | iFan
string url golang http请求
https://blog.ifan.host/2022/04/29/language/golang/libs/resty/index.html
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1 年前
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安装 

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go get -u github.com/go-resty/resty/v2

基本请求 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    resp, err := client.R().
        EnableTrace().
        Get("https://httpbin.org/get")
        // Post()
        // Put()
        // Patch()
        // Head()
        // Option()
        // Delete()

    // Explore response object
    fmt.Println("Response Info:")
    fmt.Println("  Error      :", err)
    fmt.Println("  Status Code:", resp.StatusCode()) // 状态码，如 200；
	fmt.Println("  Status     :", resp.Status())     // 状态码和状态信息，如 200 OK；
	fmt.Println("  Proto      :", resp.Proto())      // 协议，如 HTTP/1.1；
	fmt.Println("  Time       :", resp.Time())       // 从发送请求到收到响应的时间；
	fmt.Println("  Received At:", resp.ReceivedAt()) // 接收到响应的时刻；
	fmt.Println("  Size       :", resp.Size())       // 响应大小；
	fmt.Println("  Headers    :", resp.Header())     // 响应首部信息，以http.Header类型返回，即map[string][]string；
	fmt.Println("  Cookies    :", resp.Cookies())    // 服务器通过Set-Cookie首部设置的 cookie 信息。
    fmt.Println("  Body       :\n", resp)
    fmt.Println()

    // Explore trace info
    fmt.Println("Request Trace Info:")
    ti := resp.Request.TraceInfo()
    fmt.Println("  DNSLookup     :", ti.DNSLookup) // DNS 查询时间，如果提供的是一个域名而非 `IP`，就需要向 `DNS` 系统查询对应 `IP` 才能进行后续操作；
    fmt.Println("  ConnTime      :", ti.ConnTime)  // 获取一个连接的耗时，可能从连接池获取，也可能新建；
    fmt.Println("  TCPConnTime   :", ti.TCPConnTime) // `TCP` 连接耗时，从 `DNS` 查询结束到 `TCP` 连接建立；
    fmt.Println("  TLSHandshake  :", ti.TLSHandshake) // `TLS` 握手耗时；
    fmt.Println("  ServerTime    :", ti.ServerTime)  // 服务器处理耗时，计算从连接建立到客户端收到第一个字节的时间间隔；
    fmt.Println("  ResponseTime  :", ti.ResponseTime) // 响应耗时，从接收到第一个响应字节，到接收到完整响应之间的时间间隔；
    fmt.Println("  TotalTime     :", ti.TotalTime) // 整个流程的耗时；
    fmt.Println("  IsConnReused  :", ti.IsConnReused) // `TCP` 连接是否复用了；
    fmt.Println("  IsConnWasIdle :", ti.IsConnWasIdle) // 连接是否是从空闲的连接池获取的；
    fmt.Println("  ConnIdleTime  :", ti.ConnIdleTime)  // 连接空闲时间；
    fmt.Println("  RequestAttempt:", ti.RequestAttempt) // 请求执行流程中的请求次数，包括重试次数；
    fmt.Println("  RemoteAddr    :", ti.RemoteAddr.String()) // 远程的服务地址，`IP:PORT`格式。
}

通用

设置请求参数 

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func main() {
    client := resty.New()

    resp, err := client.R().
      SetQueryParams(map[string]string{
          "page_no": "1",
          "limit": "20",
          "sort":"name",
          "order": "asc",
          "random":strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10),
      }).
      // .SetQueryString("productId=232&template=fresh-sample&cat=resty&source=google&kw=buy a lot more").
      SetHeader("Accept", "application/json"). // 设置请求头
      SetAuthToken("BC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08FBC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08F").
      Get("/search_result")

    // 请求路径中传参
    client.R().
        SetPathParams(map[string]string{
            "user": "ifan",
        }).
        Get("/users/{user}/details")
}

绑定返回信息 

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func main() {
	type JsonData struct {
		Name   string
		Latest string
	}

	type Datas struct {
		Results []*JsonData
	}

	client := resty.New()

	datas := &Datas{}
	client.R().SetResult(datas).
		ForceContentType("application/json"). // 设置接受的返回数据类型
		Get("json_data_url")
	fmt.Printf("%d data len \n", len(datas.Results))

	for _, data := range datas.Results {
		fmt.Printf("name:%s latest:%s\n", data.Name, data.Latest)
		break
	}
}

设置Body参数 

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func main() {
    // 字符串形式
    resp, err := client.R().
      SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json").
      SetBody(`{"username":"testuser", "password":"testpass"}`).
      .Post("url")

    resp, err := client.R().
      SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json").
      SetBody([]byte(`{"username":"testuser", "password":"testpass"}`)).
      Post("url")

    // 使用结构体
    resp, err := client.R().
      SetBody(User{Username: "testuser", Password: "testpass"}).
      Post("url")
    // 上传文件
    fileBytes, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/jeeva/mydocument.pdf")

    resp, err := client.R().
        SetBody(fileBytes).
        SetContentLength(true).          // 自动计算请求体长度
        SetError(&DropboxError{}).       // 设置错误返回的解析内容
        Post("url")
}

上传多个文件 

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func main() {
    profileImgBytes, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/jeeva/test-img.png")
    notesBytes, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/jeeva/text-file.txt")

    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    resp, err := client.R().
        SetFileReader("profile_img", "test-img.png", bytes.NewReader(profileImgBytes)).
        SetFileReader("notes", "text-file.txt", bytes.NewReader(notesBytes)).
        SetFormData(map[string]string{
            "first_name": "Jeevanandam",
            "last_name": "M",
        }).
        Post("http://myapp.com/upload")
}
 
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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Single file scenario
    resp, err := client.R().
        SetFile("profile_img", "/Users/jeeva/test-img.png").
        Post("http://myapp.com/upload")

    // Multiple files scenario
    resp, err := client.R().
        SetFiles(map[string]string{
            "profile_img": "/Users/jeeva/test-img.png",
            "notes": "/Users/jeeva/text-file.txt",
        }).
        Post("http://myapp.com/upload")

    // Multipart of form fields and files
    resp, err := client.R().
        SetFiles(map[string]string{
            "profile_img": "/Users/jeeva/test-img.png",
            "notes": "/Users/jeeva/text-file.txt",
        }).
        SetFormData(map[string]string{
            "first_name": "Jeevanandam",
            "last_name": "M",
            "zip_code": "00001",
            "city": "my city",
            "access_token": "C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD",
        }).
        Post("http://myapp.com/profile")
}

设置回调方法 

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func main(){
    client := resty.New()

    // 请求前
    client.OnBeforeRequest(func(c *resty.Client, req *resty.Request) error {

        return nil
    })

    // 响应后
    client.OnAfterResponse(func(c *resty.Client, resp *resty.Response) error {

        return nil
    })

    // 发生错误时
    client.OnError(func(req *resty.Request, err error) {
        if v, ok := err.(*resty.ResponseError); ok {

        }
    })
}

重定向策略 

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func main(){
    client := resty.New()

    // Assign Client Redirect Policy. Create one as per you need
    client.SetRedirectPolicy(resty.FlexibleRedirectPolicy(15))

    // Wanna multiple policies such as redirect count, domain name check, etc
    client.SetRedirectPolicy(resty.FlexibleRedirectPolicy(20),
                            resty.DomainCheckRedirectPolicy("host1.com", "host2.org", "host3.net"))

    // 自定义
    // Using raw func into resty.SetRedirectPolicy
    client.SetRedirectPolicy(resty.RedirectPolicyFunc(func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
    // Implement your logic here

    // return nil for continue redirect otherwise return error to stop/prevent redirect
    return nil
    }))

    //---------------------------------------------------

    // Using struct create more flexible redirect policy
    type CustomRedirectPolicy struct {
    // variables goes here
    }

    func (c *CustomRedirectPolicy) Apply(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
    // Implement your logic here

    // return nil for continue redirect otherwise return error to stop/prevent redirect
    return nil
    }

    // Registering in resty
    client.SetRedirectPolicy(CustomRedirectPolicy{/* initialize variables */})
}

自定义证书 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Custom Root certificates, just supply .pem file.
    // you can add one or more root certificates, its get appended
    client.SetRootCertificate("/path/to/root/pemFile1.pem")
    client.SetRootCertificate("/path/to/root/pemFile2.pem")
    // ... and so on!

    // Adding Client Certificates, you add one or more certificates
    // Sample for creating certificate object
    // Parsing public/private key pair from a pair of files. The files must contain PEM encoded data.
    cert1, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair("certs/client.pem", "certs/client.key")
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("ERROR client certificate: %s", err)
    }
    // ...

    // You add one or more certificates
    client.SetCertificates(cert1, cert2, cert3)

    // Custom Root certificates from string
    // You can pass you certificates throught env variables as strings
    // you can add one or more root certificates, its get appended
    client.SetRootCertificateFromString("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----content-----END CERTIFICATE-----")
    client.SetRootCertificateFromString("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----content-----END CERTIFICATE-----")
    // ... and so on!

    // Adding Client Certificates, you add one or more certificates
    // Sample for creating certificate object
    // Parsing public/private key pair from a pair of files. The files must contain PEM encoded data.
    cert1, err := tls.X509KeyPair([]byte("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----content-----END CERTIFICATE-----"), []byte("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----content-----END CERTIFICATE-----"))
    if err != nil {
    log.Fatalf("ERROR client certificate: %s", err)
    }
    // ...

    // You add one or more certificates
    client.SetCertificates(cert1, cert2, cert3)
}

自定义代理 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Setting a Proxy URL and Port
    // 验证呢？
    client.SetProxy("http://proxyserver:8888")

    // 移除代理
    client.RemoveProxy()
}

重试 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Retries are configured per client
    client.
        // Set retry count to non zero to enable retries
        SetRetryCount(3).
        // You can override initial retry wait time.
        // Default is 100 milliseconds.
        SetRetryWaitTime(5 * time.Second).
        // MaxWaitTime can be overridden as well.
        // Default is 2 seconds.
        SetRetryMaxWaitTime(20 * time.Second).
        // SetRetryAfter sets callback to calculate wait time between retries.
        // Default (nil) implies exponential backoff with jitter
        SetRetryAfter(func(client *resty.Client, resp *resty.Response) (time.Duration, error) {
            return 0, errors.New("quota exceeded")
        })
    // 自定义重试策略
    client.AddRetryCondition(
        // RetryConditionFunc type is for retry condition function
        // input: non-nil Response OR request execution error
        func(r *resty.Response, err error) bool {
            return r.StatusCode() == http.StatusTooManyRequests
        },
    )
}

Allow GET request with Payload 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Allow GET request with Payload. This is disabled by default.
    client.SetAllowGetMethodPayload(true)

}

其他的一些参数设置 

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func main() {
    client := resty.New()

    // Unique settings at Client level
    //--------------------------------
    // Debug 模式
    client.SetDebug(true)

    // 设置自定义证书 Refer: http://golang.org/pkg/crypto/tls/#example_Dial
    client.SetTLSClientConfig(&tls.Config{ RootCAs: roots })

    // 禁用安全检查
    client.SetTLSClientConfig(&tls.Config{ InsecureSkipVerify: true })

    // 设置链接超时
    client.SetTimeout(1 * time.Minute)


    // You can override all below settings and options at request level if you want to
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // 设置请求的根地址，后面的请求中可以使用相对路径
    client.SetHostURL("http://httpbin.org")

    // 设置所有请求的请求头
    client.SetHeader("Accept", "application/json")
    client.SetHeaders(map[string]string{
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
            "User-Agent": "My custom User Agent String",
        })

    // 设置所有请求的Cookie
    client.SetCookie(&http.Cookie{
        Name:"go-resty",
        Value:"This is cookie value",
        Path: "/",
        Domain: "sample.com",
        MaxAge: 36000,
        HttpOnly: true,
        Secure: false,
        })
    client.SetCookies(cookies)

    // 设置所有请求的 query parameters
    client.SetQueryParam("user_id", "00001")
    client.SetQueryParams(map[string]string{ // sample of those who use this manner
        "api_key": "api-key-here",
        "api_secert": "api-secert",
        })
    client.R().SetQueryString("productId=232&template=fresh-sample&cat=resty&source=google&kw=buy a lot more")

    // 所有请求的Form data，POST and PUT
    client.SetFormData(map[string]string{
        "access_token": "BC594900-518B-4F7E-AC75-BD37F019E08F",
    })

    // Basic Auth for all request
    client.SetBasicAuth("myuser", "mypass")

    // Bearer Auth Token for all request
    client.SetAuthToken("BC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08FBC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08F")

    // 自动设置请求体的长度
    client.SetContentLength(true)

    // 设置所有请求的异常处理
    client.SetError(&Error{})    // or resty.SetError(Error{})
}

Unix Socket 

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func main(){
    unixSocket := "/var/run/my_socket.sock"

    // Create a Go's http.Transport so we can set it in resty.
    transport := http.Transport{
        Dial: func(_, _ string) (net.Conn, error) {
            return net.Dial("unix", unixSocket)
        },
    }

    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Set the previous transport that we created, set the scheme of the communication to the
    // socket and set the unixSocket as the HostURL.
    client.SetTransport(&transport).SetScheme("http").SetHostURL(unixSocket)

    // No need to write the host's URL on the request, just the path.
    client.R().Get("/index.html")
}

模拟发送请求 

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func main() {
    // Create a Resty Client
    client := resty.New()

    // Get the underlying HTTP Client and set it to Mock
    httpmock.ActivateNonDefault(client.GetClient())
}
 
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