Npx 和 npm 的区别？

npx 和 npm 之间的区别？ npx 和 npm 都是 Node.js 环境中常用的工具，它们在 Node.js 和 JavaScript 生态系统中扮演着关键的角色。以下是它们之间的一些主要区别：

npm (Node Package Manager):

npx (Node Package Execute):

简而言之， npm 主要用作包的安装和管理工具，而 npx 是一个辅助工具，用于执行包中的命令，特别是在不想或不需要永久安装这些包的情况下。这两个工具经常一起使用，以更有效地开发和管理 Node.js 项目。

Introducing npx: an npm package runner

NPM - Manages packages but doesn't make life easy executing any.

NPX - A tool for executing Node packages.

NPX comes bundled with NPM version 5.2+

NPM by itself does not simply run any package. It doesn't run any package as a matter of fact. If you want to run a package using NPM, you must specify that package in your package.json file.

When executables are installed via NPM packages, NPM links to them:

Documentation you should read

One might install a package locally on a certain project:

shell




    
npm install some-package

Now let's say you want NodeJS to execute that package from the command line:

shell
$ some-package

The above will fail . Only globally installed packages can be executed by typing their name only .

To fix this, and have it run, you must type the local path:

shell
$ ./node_modules/.bin/some-package

You can technically run a locally installed package by editing your packages.json file and adding that package in the scripts section:

shell
{
  "name": "whatever",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "scripts": {
    "some-package": "some-package"
Then run the script using npm run-script (or npm run):
shell
npm run some-package
npx will check whether <command> exists in $PATH, or in the local project binaries, and execute it. So, for the above example, if you wish to execute the locally-installed package some-package all you need to do is type:
shell
npx some-package
Another major advantage of npx is the ability to execute a package which wasn't previously installed:
shell
$ npx create-react-app my-app
The above example will generate a react app boilerplate within the path the command had run in, and ensures that you always use the latest version of a generator or build tool without having to upgrade each time you’re about to use it.
Use-Case Example:
npx command may be helpful in the script section of a package.json file, when it is unwanted to define a dependency which might not be commonly used or any other reason:
shell
"scripts": {
    "start": "npx [email protected]",
    "serve": "npx http-server"
Call with: npm run serve
Related questions:
How to use package installed locally in node_modules?
NPM: how to source ./node_modules/.bin folder?
How do you run a js file using npm scripts?





    
2024年2月20日 00:25 回复

npx is a npm package runner (x probably stands for eXecute). One common way to use npx is to download and run a package temporarily or for trials.

NPM is a package manager, you can install node.js packages using NPM

npm - Package manager for JavaScript, just like: pip (Python), Maven (Java), NuGet (.NET), Composer (PHP), RubyGems (Ruby), ...

shell
npx [options] [-p|--package <package>] <command> [command-arg]...

shell
npx   -p uglify-js         uglifyjs --output app.min.js app.js common.js
      +----------------+   +--------------------------------------------+
      package (optional)   command, followed by arguments

shell
Start a HTTP Server      : npx http-server
Lint code                : npx eslint ./src
                         # Run uglifyjs command in the package uglify-js
Minify JS                : npx -p uglify-js uglifyjs -o app.min.js app.js common.js
Minify CSS               : npx clean-css-cli -o style.min.css css/bootstrap.css style.css
Minify HTML              : npx html-minifier index-2.html -o index.html --remove-comments --collapse-whitespace
Scan for open ports      : npx evilscan 192.168.1.10 --port=10-9999
Cast video to Chromecast : npx castnow http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/gtv-videos-bucket/sample/ForBiggerFun.mp4

NPX: