What Database does Jaeger Use - Elasticsearch vs Cassandra

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1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsignoz.io%2Fimg%2Fauthors%2Fyuvraj.webp&amp;w=64&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsignoz.io%2Fimg%2Fauthors%2Fyuvraj.webp&amp;w=64&amp;q=75"/><div class="author-name-team"><h4 class="m-0 text-sm font-medium capitalize text-stone-700 dark:text-white">Yuvraj Singh Jadon</h4></div></div></div><div class="flex flex-col"><h2 class="text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-stone-700 dark:text-stone-300">published on</h2><time class="mt-2 text-base text-stone-700 dark:text-white">July 30, 2024</time></div><div class="flex flex-col"><h2 class="text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-stone-700 dark:text-stone-300">reading time</h2><div class="mt-2 text-base text-stone-700 dark:text-white">8 min read</div></div></div></article></div><div class="progress-bar fixed left-0 right-0 top-[52px] z-30 w-full"><div class="h-1 bg-indigo-500" style="width:0%"/></div><div class="post container flex flex-row-reverse overflow-clip"><div class="post-toc ml-4 w-1/4 transition-opacity duration-1000 opacity-100 hover:opacity-100"><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#understanding-jaegers-database-options" class="line-clamp-2">Understanding Jaeger's Database Options</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#elasticsearch-as-jaegers-recommended-backend" class="line-clamp-2">Elasticsearch as Jaeger's Recommended Backend</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#setting-up-jaeger-with-elasticsearch" class="line-clamp-2">Setting Up Jaeger with Elasticsearch</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#cassandra-as-an-alternative-storage-backend" class="line-clamp-2">Cassandra as an Alternative Storage Backend</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#migrating-from-cassandra-to-elasticsearch" class="line-clamp-2">Migrating from Cassandra to Elasticsearch</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#kafkas-role-in-jaegers-data-pipeline" class="line-clamp-2">Kafka's Role in Jaeger's Data Pipeline</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#choosing-the-right-database-for-your-jaeger-deployment" class="line-clamp-2">Choosing the Right Database for Your Jaeger Deployment</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#key-takeaways" class="line-clamp-2">Key Takeaways</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#faqs" class="line-clamp-2">FAQs</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#can-jaeger-work-without-a-persistent-database" class="line-clamp-2">Can Jaeger work without a persistent database?</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#how-does-jaegers-database-choice-affect-its-performance" class="line-clamp-2">How does Jaeger's database choice affect its performance?</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#is-it-possible-to-use-both-elasticsearch-and-cassandra-with-jaeger" class="line-clamp-2">Is it possible to use both Elasticsearch and Cassandra with Jaeger?</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="3" href="#what-are-the-minimum-hardware-requirements-for-running-jaeger-with-elasticsearch" class="line-clamp-2">What are the minimum hardware requirements for running Jaeger with Elasticsearch?</a></div><div class="post-toc-item"><a data-level="2" href="#consider-signoz-as-an-alternative-to-jaeger" class="line-clamp-2">Consider SigNoz as an Alternative to Jaeger</a></div></div><div class="post-content w-3/4 pr-4"><article class="prose prose-slate max-w-none py-6 dark:prose-invert"><p>Jaeger, a popular open-source distributed tracing system, offers flexibility in choosing a database for storing trace data. While Jaeger supports multiple storage backends, two primary options stand out: Elasticsearch and Cassandra. This article delves into Jaeger's database choices, comparing these options to help you make an informed decision for your tracing infrastructure.</p><h2 class="content-header" id="understanding-jaegers-database-options"><a href="#understanding-jaegers-database-options" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="content-header-link"><svg class="h-5 linkicon w-5" fill="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z"/><path d="M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z"/></svg></span></a>Understanding Jaeger's Database Options</h2><p>Jaeger's architecture allows for multiple storage backends to persist trace data. This flexibility enables users to choose a database that best fits their existing infrastructure and performance requirements. The two main contenders are:</p><ol><li>Elasticsearch: The recommended option by the Jaeger team.</li><li>Cassandra: A historically popular choice, still widely used.</li></ol><p>Additionally, Jaeger supports other options like Kafka for high-load ingestion scenarios. The choice of database significantly impacts your tracing system's performance, scalability, and query capabilities.</p><h2 class="content-header" id="elasticsearch-as-jaegers-recommended-backend"><a href="#elasticsearch-as-jaegers-recommended-backend" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="content-header-link"><svg class="h-5 linkicon w-5" fill="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z"/><path d="M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z"/></svg></span></a>Elasticsearch as Jaeger's Recommended Backend</h2><p>Elasticsearch has emerged as the preferred choice for Jaeger deployments. The Jaeger team officially recommends Elasticsearch due to its numerous advantages:</p><ul><li>Powerful search capabilities: Elasticsearch excels at full-text search and complex queries.</li><li>Scalability: It easily handles large volumes of trace data in production environments.</li><li>Integration: Many organizations already use the ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) stack.</li><li>Performance: Elasticsearch provides fast query response times for trace data analysis.</li></ul><h3 class="content-header" id="setting-up-jaeger-with-elasticsearch"><a href="#setting-up-jaeger-with-elasticsearch" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="content-header-link"><svg class="h-5 linkicon w-5" fill="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12.232 4.232a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.536 3.536l-1.225 1.224a.75.75 0 0 0 1.061 1.06l1.224-1.224a4 4 0 0 0-5.656-5.656l-3 3a4 4 0 0 0 .225 5.865.75.75 0 0 0 .977-1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.142-3.667l3-3Z"/><path d="M11.603 7.963a.75.75 0 0 0-.977 1.138 2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .142 3.667l-3 3a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-3.536-3.536l1.225-1.224a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.224 1.224a4 4 0 1 0 5.656 5.656l3-3a4 4 0 0 0-.225-5.865Z"/></svg></span></a>Setting Up Jaeger with Elasticsearch</h3><p>To configure Jaeger with Elasticsearch:</p><ol><li>Install Elasticsearch and ensure it's running.</li><li>Set the <code>SPAN_STORAGE_TYPE</code> environment variable to <code>elasticsearch</code>.</li><li>Configure Jaeger components with Elasticsearch connection details.</li></ol><p>Example configuration for Jaeger collector:</p><div class="relative"><pre><code class="language-yaml code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token atrule key">collector</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">app_name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> jaeger<span class="token punctuation">-</span>collector </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">environment</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> production </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">kafka</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">brokers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kafka<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">9092</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">topic</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> jaeger<span class="token punctuation">-</span>spans </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">server-urls</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> &lt;http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//elasticsearch<span class="token punctuation">:</span>9200<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span> </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">username</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> elastic </span><span class="code-line"> <span class="token atrule key">password</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> changeme