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|被全世界盗窃的“敦煌遗书”|之② - 慈悲网
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--></div></div></div><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div class="container white-container"><div class="row"><div class="container-fluid" style=""><div class="row"><div class="container" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184733.jpg?v=1645450841289" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:15px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><div style="text-align: center; line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(231, 148, 57);">【 如 来 如 去 】</span></div><div style="text-align: center; line-height: 1.6;"><div style="line-height: 1.2;"><div style="line-height: 1;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.2;"><br/></p><h1 class="rich_media_title" id="activity-name" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 14px; outline: 0px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.4; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" letter-spacing:=""><span style="font-size: 24px;">被全世界盗窃的<b>“敦煌遗书”</b></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="" times="" new="" roman="" color:="" rgb="" letter-spacing:="" font-size:="" background-image:="" initial="" background-position:="" background-size:="" background-repeat:="" background-attachment:="" background-origin:="" background-clip:=""><font face="宋体" style=""><font color="#cec6ce"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>②</b></span></font><br/></font></span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1.2;"><b style="color: rgb(231, 148, 57); font-size: 36px;">.</b></div></div></div></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:30px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p/><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" text-align:="" center="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" center="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="font-size: 18px;">法国人:</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" center="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""/><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" center="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="font-size: 18px;">遗书装满了10个大木箱</span></strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">走了英国人,法国人又来了。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">与斯坦因一样,这位名叫保罗·伯希和的法国人是一位语言天才,会10多种东方语言,长期在东方“混世界”。1900年2月,伯希和被派来北京,为法国远东学院购买中国古籍和文物。当时正值八国联军入侵北京的混乱时期,伯希和在北京搜得了一批中国古籍和文物。</span></section></section><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184729.jpg?v=1645450903813" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div 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style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">外国探险家、考察家“探险”成功,从中国古城遗址、古墓上葬,盗挖得了大量的珍稀中国文物,这大大刺激了法国人。1906年,由年仅27岁的伯希和任队长的法国“中亚探险队”出发了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">伯希和先后在吐木休克、库车等地考察和盗掘了8个月,获取了一批梵文和龟兹文写本、龟兹文木简以及印玺、古钱等珍贵的中国古西域文物。与斯坦因一样,听说敦煌发现藏经洞后,他立即放弃考察吐鲁番的计划,直奔敦煌。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:=""><br/></span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184737.jpg?v=1645450987201" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">伯希和能讲流利的汉语,很快与王圆箓成了“好朋友”,被引进藏经密室。当他看到那些卷帙浩繁的写本时,也像斯坦因一样,“简直惊得呆若木鸡”.虽然斯坦因先盗走了大量遗书,但他不懂汉文,伯希和却有深厚的汉学功底,又得以亲自进入藏经洞挑选,因此遗书中的精品,特别是有纪年的经卷,多被伯希和盗走了。</span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184741.jpg?v=1645451019374" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt; line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">挑选好后,伯希和多次与王圆箓密谈,使尽手段进行利诱。在伯希和承诺保守秘密的前提下,以50两银子一捆的价钱,“买”走了精挑出的6000余卷遗书,总共付给王道士500两白银(约90英镑),这些遗书可都是天价啊。</span><br/></p></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184745.jpg?v=1645451052855" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:5px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1;"><section style="text-align: left; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">伯希和带领的考察团</span></section></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">1908年5月,他将这些遗书装满了10个大木箱,也如斯坦因一样,用大车再一次将中国文物偷运回了法国。</span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184748.jpg?v=1645451143966" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:5px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: center;">法藏伯希和敦煌文獻精美手稿</span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">1909年,即盗走敦煌遗书后的第二年,伯希和来中国为法国远东学院购书,并带来一些敦煌经卷修裱。先后在南京、北京见端方和罗振玉时,说出了买遗书的事,才暴露了自己的敦煌丑行。</span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184752.jpg?v=1645451196689" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"/><div style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">直到这时,中国学术界才知道敦煌发现了藏经洞,而珍贵遗书已被骗走差不多了。在全国惊呼“国宝遭劫”的声浪中,罗振玉等人上书清朝学部,清政府这才进行追查。</span><br/></p></div><p/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="container" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184755.jpg?v=1645451231901" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" letter-spacing:="" font-size:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word="">宣统二年</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" letter-spacing:="" font-size:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word="">(公元1910年)</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" letter-spacing:="" font-size:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word="">,清政府正式拨款库银6000两,命令甘肃学台将洞中残卷悉数运京。但在起运前,王圆箓却私自藏匿了许多文书,运京途中又遭沿途官吏明取暗窃,遗失多多。最后移交到京师图书馆时,只剩下18箱,其中不少都是残卷。</span><br/></p></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184758.jpg?v=1645451273141" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" text-align:="" center="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">日本人:</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">骗得近500份写本经卷嫌少</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">走了法国人,日本人又来了。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184802.jpg?v=1645451316900" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:10px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1;"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-size: 12px;" helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" center="">大谷光瑞</span><br/></p></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="">这次来的是批日本和尚,组织者名叫大谷光瑞,系日本净土真宗西本愿寺第22代宗主。大谷光瑞在1902年组织了第一支“大谷中亚探险队”,进入中国境内寻宝。到1914年,共进行了三次“探险”,均取得成功。</span><br/></p></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184806.jpg?v=1645451359301" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><p style="text-align: left; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 1;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(123, 12, 0); overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">日本大谷探险队载文物离开敦煌时的留影</span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-family: PingFangSC-Light; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"/></p></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="">日本人骗走敦煌遗书,便发生在第三次“探险”期间。这次探险从1910年8月开始,主力前锋是橘瑞超。</span><br/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184809.jpg?v=1645451421892" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:5px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: center;">1912年,日本大谷光端探险队的橘瑞超(左)在敦煌</span><br/></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其实,日本人第三次探险的主要目的之一就是敦煌来寻宝,并直指敦煌遗书。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当时,橘瑞超从伦敦出发,出发前去见了曾骗得大批敦煌遗书的大贼、英国着名探险家斯坦因,学习“盗宝”经验。此行经俄国,再潜入新疆地区。由于橘瑞超行为异常,俄国和英国的情报部门曾一度怀疑他是日本间谍,对他进行了长时间的跟踪监视。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184813.jpg?v=1645451562403" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="">这次“探险”橘瑞超险些命丧西域,远在日本国内遥控指挥的大谷光瑞与橘瑞超失去联系,担心他遭遇不测,遂派弟子吉川小一郎前来寻找,实际是接替他继续寻宝。吉川小一郎从西安经河西走廊,于10月上旬到达敦煌,但却打听不到橘瑞超的任何消息。</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184816.jpg?v=1645451620012" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其时,死里逃生的橘瑞超正向敦煌加紧赶来。他之前已从敦煌过来的一位商人所带信中,知道大谷瑞光派吉川小一郎来找他了,且已到了敦煌。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">先到敦煌的吉川小一郎在橘瑞超未到前也没有闲着,和斯坦因一样,他骗得了王圆箓的信任。从千佛洞的佛像中,盗买了两尊做工最精巧、损伤也小的佛像。在橘瑞超也赶到敦煌、两人见面后,又合谋从王道士手中骗得了近500份写本经卷。但他们并不满意,因为斯坦因骗走了29箱,比他们多多了。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184820.jpg?v=1645451716453" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有意思的是,日本学术界后来一直在怀疑这些经卷是伪造的。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">早在20世纪50年代,日本学者就开始讨论敦煌经卷的真伪问题,代表人物、日本着名敦煌学专家藤枝晃更是语出惊人,称日本所藏的敦煌写本有90%以上是伪卷。在北京理工大学“2002年国际敦煌学学术史研讨会”上,日本学者池田温先生以《敦煌写本伪造问题管见》为题,提交大会一篇论文,进一步披露了这个事实。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184824.jpg?v=1645451791183" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="">难道,当年橘瑞超、吉川小一郎上了王圆箓的“鬼子当”?王圆箓有过文物造假的行为?</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184828.jpg?v=1645451844896" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:5px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(123, 12, 0); font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-align: center;">兰登·华尔纳</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" text-align:="" center="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">美国人:</span></strong><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">使用化学胶水毁灭性疯盗壁画</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">到此,美国人登场了。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在盗劫敦煌遗书的事件中,因为第一次世界大战,美国人没有及时赶上。肉虽然被别人吃了,能喝口肉汤也不错。可能觉得来晚了吧,美国人盗得更疯狂,遗书未盗得便盗墙上壁画,由于美国人使用了化学胶水,许多精美壁画因此被永久性毁灭了。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184831.jpg?v=1645451898591" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">据原敦煌文物研究所所长常书鸿调查,被美国人从千佛洞用胶布粘去和毁损的初盛唐石窟壁画有26方,共计32006平方米,破坏留下的残迹现在仍很清楚。因为使用的是化学胶水,破坏不可逆转,未能粘走的壁画也彻底毁了,连同样有盗取之心的日本学者也为之痛心。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="" clear:="" both="" min-height:="" line-height:="" overflow-wrap:="" break-word=""><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">领头的美国人叫兰登·华尔纳,时系哈佛大学福格艺术博物馆东方部主任,曾与笔者另着中提到的、参与加拿大传教士怀履光一起盗掘金村大墓的美国人,就是他。</span></section></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184835.jpg?v=1645452013154" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="">1923年,华尔纳和宾夕法尼亚博物馆的霍勒斯·杰恩,组成了第一支到中国西北的美国远征队一一“哈佛大学考古调查团”.调查团于1924年1月,到达敦煌莫高窟时,不巧王圆篆又外出了,心情激动的华尔纳未经同意,径直摸进壁画石窟内。等王圆篆回来后,如前面的英国人、法国人一样,华尔纳买通王圆篆,据说贿赂了700两银子,王圆篆遂同意他剥走一些壁画,但华尔纳贪得无厌,却剥了三万多平方。</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184838.jpg?v=1645452104214" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Text"><span itemprop="articleBody"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " helvetica="" neue="" sc="" sans="" gb="" yahei="" ui="" arial="" sans-serif="" font-size:="" letter-spacing:="" text-align:="" justify="">l925年,华尔纳又组织了一个7人的考察队,进行第二次远征,同样直奔莫高窟,准备使用胶布再次大规模盗劫敦煌壁画。当时,华尔纳带了“一大车的布匹”,参与调查团活动的中国学者、北京大学陈万里先生发现后警觉了起来。因为中国学者的爱国和当地人士的保护,华尔纳此次阴谋落败,“到此一游”三天后,灰溜溜地离开了敦煌。</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="container" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-12" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><picture><img itemprop="image" src="" data-src="https://cibei.org.my/data/editor/home/2022_1-3/敦煌遗书/WeChat Image_20211104184842.jpg?v=1645452171364" alt="" class="img-fluid "/></picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><div class="spacer" style="height:35px;width:100%;"/></div></div></div><div class="col-12" style=""><div class="row"><div class="col-12"><span itemscope="" 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