辅助功能提示:
使用颜色添加含义仅提供视觉指示,不会传达给屏幕阅读器等辅助技术的用户。请确保从内容本身(例如,可见文本)中可以明显看出含义,或者通过其他方式包含含义,例如使用
.visually-hidden
类隐藏的附加文本。
与上下文文本颜色类类似,将元素的背景设置为任何上下文类。后台实用程序
不设置
color
,因此在某些情况下,您需要使用
.text-*
color utilities
。
从我们原始的
$theme-colors
Sass 映射生成的背景实用程序(如
.bg-*
)尚未响应颜色模式,但是,任何
.bg-*-subtle
实用程序都会响应。这将在 v6 中解决。
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-primary text-white">.bg-primary</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-primary-subtle text-emphasis-primary">.bg-primary-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-secondary text-white">.bg-secondary</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-secondary-subtle text-emphasis-secondary">.bg-secondary-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-success text-white">.bg-success</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-success-subtle text-emphasis-success">.bg-success-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-danger text-white">.bg-danger</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-danger-subtle text-emphasis-danger">.bg-danger-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-warning text-dark">.bg-warning</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-warning-subtle text-emphasis-warning">.bg-warning-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-info text-dark">.bg-info</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-info-subtle text-emphasis-info">.bg-info-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-light text-dark">.bg-light</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-light-subtle text-emphasis-light">.bg-light-subtle</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-dark text-white">.bg-dark</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-dark-subtle text-emphasis-dark">.bg-dark-subtle</div>
<p class="p-3 mb-2 bg-body-secondary">.bg-body-secondary</p>
<p class="p-3 mb-2 bg-body-tertiary">.bg-body-tertiary</p>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-body text-body">.bg-body</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-black text-white">.bg-black</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-white text-dark">.bg-white</div>
<div class="p-3 mb-2 bg-transparent text-body">.bg-transparent</div>
通过添加
.bg-gradient
类,线性渐变作为背景图像添加到背景中。这种渐变从半透明的白色开始,逐渐淡出到底部。
您的自定义 CSS 中需要渐变吗?只需添加
background-image: var(--bs-gradient);
。
.bg-primary.bg-gradient
.bg-secondary.bg-gradient
.bg-success.bg-gradient
.bg-danger.bg-gradient
.bg-warning.bg-gradient
.bg-info.bg-gradient
.bg-light.bg-gradient
.bg-dark.bg-gradient
.bg-black.bg-gradient
Added in v5.1.0
从 v5.1.0 开始,
background-color
实用程序使用 CSS 变量与 Sass 一起生成。这允许实时颜色更改,而无需编译和动态 Alpha 透明度更改。
考虑我们默认的
.bg-success
实用程序。
.bg-success {
--bs-bg-opacity: 1;
background-color: rgba(var(--bs-success-rgb), var(--bs-bg-opacity)) !important;
我们使用
--bs-success
(值为
25, 135, 84
) CSS 变量的 RGB 版本,并附加第二个 CSS 变量
--bs-bg-opacity
作为 alpha 透明度(由于局部 CSS 变量,默认值为
1
)。这意味着无论何时使用
.bg-success
,计算出的
color
值都是
rgba(25, 135, 84, 1)
。每个
.bg-*
类中的本地 CSS 变量避免了继承问题,因此实用程序的嵌套实例不会自动具有修改后的 alpha 透明度。
要更改该不透明度,请通过自定义样式或内联样式覆盖
--bs-bg-opacity
。
This is default success background
This is 50% opacity success background
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-white">This is default success background</div>
<div class="bg-success p-2" style="--bs-bg-opacity: .5;">This is 50% opacity success background</div>
或者,从任何
.bg-opacity
实用程序中进行选择:
This is default success background
This is 75% opacity success background
This is 50% opacity success background
This is 25% opacity success background
This is 10% opacity success background
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-white">This is default success background</div>
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-white bg-opacity-75">This is 75% opacity success background</div>
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-dark bg-opacity-50">This is 50% opacity success background</div>
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-dark bg-opacity-25">This is 25% opacity success background</div>
<div class="bg-success p-2 text-dark bg-opacity-10">This is 10% opacity success background</div>
除了以下 Sass 功能外,请考虑阅读我们包含的颜色等
CSS 自定义属性
(又名 CSS 变量)。
Sass 变量
大多数
background-color
实用程序都是由我们的主题颜色生成的,这些颜色是从我们的通用调色板变量重新分配的。
scss/_variables.scss
$gradient: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba($white, .15), rgba($white, 0));
灰度颜色也可用,但仅使用子集来生成任何实用程序。
scss/_variables.scss
$primary-bg-subtle: tint-color($primary, 80%);
$secondary-bg-subtle: tint-color($secondary, 80%);
$success-bg-subtle: tint-color($success, 80%);
$info-bg-subtle: tint-color($info, 80%);
$warning-bg-subtle: tint-color($warning, 80%);
$danger-bg-subtle: tint-color($danger, 80%);
$light-bg-subtle: mix($gray-100, $white);
$dark-bg-subtle: $gray-400;
scss/_variables-dark.scss
$primary-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($primary, 80%);
$secondary-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($secondary, 80%);
$success-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($success, 80%);
$info-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($info, 80%);
$warning-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($warning, 80%);
$danger-bg-subtle-dark: shade-color($danger, 80%);
$light-bg-subtle-dark: $gray-800;
$dark-bg-subtle-dark: mix($gray-800, $black);
Sass 映射
然后将主题颜色放入 Sass 映射中,以便我们可以循环使用它们来生成我们的实用程序、组件修改器等。
scss/_variables.scss
$theme-colors-rgb: map-loop($theme-colors, to-rgb, "$value");
背景颜色不透明度基于此构建,并具有由实用程序 API 使用自己的映射:
scss/_maps.scss
"black": to-rgb($black),
"white": to-rgb($white),
"body": to-rgb($body-bg)
$utilities-bg-colors: map-loop($utilities-bg, rgba-css-var, "$key", "bg");
$utilities-bg-subtle: (
"primary-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}primary-bg-subtle),
"secondary-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}secondary-bg-subtle),
"success-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}success-bg-subtle),
"info-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}info-bg-subtle),
"warning-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}warning-bg-subtle),
"danger-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}danger-bg-subtle),
"light-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}light-bg-subtle),
"dark-subtle": var(--#{$prefix}dark-bg-subtle)
颜色模式背景颜色也可用作 Sass 映射:
scss/_maps.scss
$theme-colors-bg-subtle: (
"primary": $primary-bg-subtle,
"secondary": $secondary-bg-subtle,
"success": $success-bg-subtle,
"info": $info-bg-subtle,
"warning": $warning-bg-subtle,
"danger": $danger-bg-subtle,
"light": $light-bg-subtle,
"dark": $dark-bg-subtle,
scss/_maps.scss
$theme-colors-bg-subtle-dark: (
"primary": $primary-bg-subtle-dark,
"secondary": $secondary-bg-subtle-dark,
"success": $success-bg-subtle-dark,
"info": $info-bg-subtle-dark,
"warning": $warning-bg-subtle-dark,
"danger": $danger-bg-subtle-dark,
"light": $light-bg-subtle-dark,
"dark": $dark-bg-subtle-dark,
Sass mixins
没有混音用于生成我们的后台实用程序,但我们确实有一些额外的混音,用于您想要创建自己的渐变的其他情况。
scss/mixins/_gradients.scss
// Horizontal gradient, from left to right
// Creates two color stops, start and end, by specifying a color and position for each color stop.
@mixin gradient-x($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $start-percent: 0%, $end-percent: 100%) {
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, $start-color $start-percent, $end-color $end-percent);
// Vertical gradient, from top to bottom
// Creates two color stops, start and end, by specifying a color and position for each color stop.
@mixin gradient-y($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $start-percent: null, $end-percent: null) {
background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, $start-color $start-percent, $end-color $end-percent);
@mixin gradient-directional($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $deg: 45deg) {
background-image: linear-gradient($deg, $start-color, $end-color);
@mixin gradient-x-three-colors($start-color: $blue, $mid-color: $purple, $color-stop: 50%, $end-color: $red) {
background-image: linear-gradient(to right, $start-color, $mid-color $color-stop, $end-color);
@mixin gradient-y-three-colors($start-color: $blue, $mid-color: $purple, $color-stop: 50%, $end-color: $red) {
background-image: linear-gradient($start-color, $mid-color $color-stop, $end-color);
@mixin gradient-radial($inner-color: $gray-700, $outer-color: $gray-800) {
background-image: radial-gradient(circle, $inner-color, $outer-color);
@mixin gradient-striped($color: rgba($white, .15), $angle: 45deg) {
background-image: linear-gradient($angle, $color 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, $color 50%, $color 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
实用程序 API
后台实用程序在我们的实用程序 API 中的scss/_utilities.scss
中声明。了解如何使用实用程序 API。
scss/_utilities.scss
"transparent": transparent,
"body-secondary": rgba(var(--#{$prefix}secondary-bg-rgb), var(--#{$prefix}bg-opacity)),
"body-tertiary": rgba(var(--#{$prefix}tertiary-bg-rgb), var(--#{$prefix}bg-opacity)),
"bg-opacity": (
css-var: true,
class: bg-opacity,
values: (
10: .1,
25: .25,
50: .5,
75: .75,
100: 1
"subtle-background-color": (
property: background-color,
class: bg,
values: $utilities-bg-subtle