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master openshift |
https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.11/install_config/master_node_configuration.html |
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开朗的枇杷
1 月前 |
Build, deploy and manage your applications across cloud- and on-premise infrastructure
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htpasswd
command
The
openshift start
command (for master servers) and
hyperkube
command (for
node servers) take a limited set of arguments that are sufficient for launching
servers in a development or experimental environment. However, these arguments
are insufficient to describe and control the full set of configuration and
security options that are necessary in a production environment.
You must provide these options in the master configuration file , at /etc/origin/master/master-config.yaml , and the node configuration maps . These files define options including overriding the default plug-ins, connecting to etcd, automatically creating service accounts, building image names, customizing project requests, configuring volume plug-ins, and much more.
This topic covers the available options for customizing your OpenShift Container Platform master and node hosts, and shows you how to make changes to the configuration after installation.
These files are fully specified with no default values. Therefore, an empty
value indicates that you want to start up with an empty value for that
parameter. This makes it easy to reason about exactly what your configuration
is, but it also makes it difficult to remember all of the options to specify. To
make this easier, the configuration files can be created with the
--write-config
option and then used with the
--config
option.
Production environments should be installed using the standard cluster installation process. In production environments, it is a good idea to use multiple masters for the purposes of high availability (HA). A cluster architecture of three masters is recommended, and HAproxy is the recommended solution for this.
If etcd is installed on the master hosts , you must configure your cluster to use at least three masters, because etcd would not be able to decide which one is authoritative. The only way to successfully run only two masters is if you install etcd on hosts other than the masters.
The method you use to configure your master and node configuration files must match the method that was used to install your OpenShift Container Platform cluster. If you followed the standard cluster installation processe, then make your configuration changes in the Ansible inventory file.
Only a portion of the available host configuration options are exposed to Ansible . After an OpenShift Container Platform install, Ansible creates an inventory file with some substituted values. Modifying this inventory file and re-running the Ansible installer playbook is how you customize your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
While OpenShift Container Platform supports using Ansible for cluster installation, using an Ansible playbook and inventory file, you can also use other management tools, such as Puppet , Chef , or Salt .
Use Case: Configuring the cluster to use HTPasswd authentication
This use case assumes you have already set up SSH keys to all the nodes referenced in the playbook.
The
htpasswd
utility is in the
httpd-tools
package:
# yum install httpd-tools
# htpasswd auth openshift_master_identity_providers=[{'name': 'htpasswd_auth', 'login': 'true', 'challenge': 'true', 'kind': 'HTPasswdPasswordIdentityProvider'}] # Defining htpasswd users #openshift_master_htpasswd_users={'<name>': '<hashed-password>', '<name>': '<hashed-password>'} #openshift_master_htpasswd_file=/etc/origin/master/htpasswd
For HTPasswd authentication the
openshift_master_identity_providers
variable
enables the authentication type.
You can configure three different authentication options that use HTPasswd:
Specify only
openshift_master_identity_providers
if
/etc/origin/master/htpasswd
is already configured and present on the host.
Specify both
openshift_master_identity_providers
and
openshift_master_htpasswd_file
to copy a local htpasswd file to the host.
Specify both
openshift_master_identity_providers
and
openshift_master_htpasswd_users
to generate a new htpasswd file on the host.
Because OpenShift Container Platform requires a hashed password to configure HTPasswd authentication, you can use the
htpasswd
command,
as shown in the following section
, to generate the hashed password(s) for your user(s) or to create the flat file with the users and associated hashed passwords.
The following example changes the authentication method from the default
deny all
setting to
htpasswd
and uses the specified file to generate user IDs and passwords for the
jsmith
and
bloblaw
users.
# htpasswd auth openshift_master_identity_providers=[{'name': 'htpasswd_auth', 'login': 'true', 'challenge': 'true', 'kind': 'HTPasswdPasswordIdentityProvider'}] # Defining htpasswd users openshift_master_htpasswd_users={'jsmith': '$apr1$wIwXkFLI$bAygtKGmPOqaJftB', 'bloblaw': '7IRJ$2ODmeLoxf4I6sUEKfiA$2aDJqLJe'} #openshift_master_htpasswd_file=/etc/origin/master/htpasswd
You have now modified the master and node configuration files using Ansible, but this is just a simple use case. From here you can see which master and node configuration options are exposed to Ansible and customize your own Ansible inventory.
htpasswd
command
To configure the OpenShift Container Platform cluster to use HTPasswd authentication, you need at least one user with a hashed password to include in the inventory file .
You can:
Open the configuration file you want to modify, which in this case is the /etc/origin/master/master-config.yaml file:
Add the following new variables to the
identityProviders
stanza of the file:
oauthConfig: identityProviders: - name: my_htpasswd_provider challenge: true login: true mappingMethod: claim provider: apiVersion: v1 kind: HTPasswdPasswordIdentityProvider file: /etc/origin/master/htpasswd
You have now manually modified the master and node configuration files, but this is just a simple use case. From here you can see all the master and node configuration options, and further customize your own cluster by making further modifications.
Contains the admission control plug-in configuration. OpenShift Container Platform has a configurable list of admission controller plug-ins that are triggered whenever API objects are created or modified. This option allows you to override the default list of plug-ins; for example, disabling some plug-ins, adding others, changing the ordering, and specifying configuration. Both the list of plug-ins and their configuration can be controlled from Ansible.
Key-value pairs that will be passed directly to the Kube API server that match
the API servers' command line arguments. These are not migrated, but if you
reference a value that does not exist the server will not start. These values
may override other settings in
KubernetesMasterConfig
, which may cause
invalid configurations. Use
APIServerArguments
with the
event-ttl
value to store events in etcd. The default is
2h
, but it can be set to less to prevent memory growth:
apiServerArguments: event-ttl: - "15m"
Key-value pairs that will be passed directly to the Kube controller manager
that match the controller manager’s command line arguments. These are not
migrated, but if you reference a value that does not exist the server will not
start. These values may override other settings in
KubernetesMasterConfig
,
which may cause invalid configurations.
Used to enable or disable various admission plug-ins. When this type is present
as the
configuration
object under
pluginConfig
and if the admission
plug-in supports it, this will cause an
off by default
admission plug-in to be
enabled.
Key-value pairs that will be passed directly to the Kube scheduler that match
the scheduler’s command line arguments. These are not migrated, but if you
reference a value that does not exist the server will not start. These values
may override other settings in
KubernetesMasterConfig
, which may cause
invalid configurations.
To access the API server from a web application using a different host name, you
must whitelist that host name by specifying
corsAllowedOrigins
in the
configuration field or by specifying the
--cors-allowed-origins
option on
openshift start
. No pinning or escaping is done to the value. See
Console for example usage.
A list of features that should not be started. You will likely want to set this as null . It is very unlikely that anyone will want to manually disable features and that is not encouraged.
When set to true , tells the asset server to reload extension scripts and stylesheets for every request rather than only at startup. It lets you develop extensions without having to restart the server for every change.
Indicates how long an authorization result should be cached. It takes a valid time duration string (e.g. "5m"). If empty, you get the default timeout. If zero (e.g. "0m"), caching is disabled.
List of the controllers that should be started. If set to
none
, no
controllers will start automatically. The default value is * which will start
all controllers. When using *, you may exclude controllers by prepending a
-
in front of their name. No other values are recognized at this time.
Enables controller election, instructing the master to attempt to acquire a
lease before controllers start and renewing it within a number of seconds
defined by this value. Setting this value non-negative forces
pauseControllers=true
. This value defaults off (0, or omitted) and controller
election can be disabled with -1.
etcdConfig: address: master.ose32.example.com:4001 peerAddress: master.ose32.example.com:7001 peerServingInfo: bindAddress: 0.0.0.0:7001 certFile: etcd.server.crt clientCA: ca.crt keyFile: etcd.server.key servingInfo: bindAddress: 0.0.0.0:4001 certFile: etcd.server.crt clientCA: ca.crt keyFile: etcd.server.key storageDirectory: /var/lib/origin/openshift.local.etcd
The path within etcd that the Kubernetes resources will be rooted under. This value, if changed, will mean existing objects in etcd will no longer be located. The default value is kubernetes.io .
The API version that Kubernetes resources in etcd should be serialized to. This value should not be advanced until all clients in the cluster that read from etcd have code that allows them to read the new version.
The path within etcd that the OpenShift Container Platform resources will be rooted under. This value, if changed, will mean existing objects in etcd will no longer be located. The default value is openshift.io .
API version that OS resources in etcd should be serialized to. This value should not be advanced until all clients in the cluster that read from etcd have code that allows them to read the new version.
Determines the default strategy to use when an OAuth client requests a grant.This method will be used only if the specific OAuth client does not provide a strategy of their own. Valid grant handling methods are:
prompt: prompts the end user for approval of grant requests, useful for third-party clients
deny: always denies grant requests, useful for black-listed clients
Controls the number of images that are imported when a user does a bulk import of a Docker repository. This number defaults to 5 to prevent users from importing large numbers of images accidentally. Set -1 for no limit.
The minimum number of seconds that can elapse between when image streams scheduled for background import are checked against the upstream repository. The default value is 15 minutes.
Limits the docker registries that normal users may import images from. Set this list to the registries that you trust to contain valid Docker images and that you want applications to be able to import from. Users with permission to create Images or ImageStreamMappings via the API are not affected by this policy - typically only administrators or system integrations will have those permissions.
Specified a filepath to a PEM-encoded file listing additional certificate authorities that should be trusted during imagestream import. This file needs to be accessible to the API server process. Depending how your cluster is installed, this may require mounting the file into the API server pod.
Sets the hostname for the default internal image
registry. The value must be in
hostname[:port]
format.
For backward compatibility, users can still use
OPENSHIFT_DEFAULT_REGISTRY
environment variable but this setting overrides the environment variable. When
this is set, the internal registry must have its hostname set as well.
See
setting the registry hostname
for more details.
ExternalRegistryHostname sets the hostname for the default external image
registry. The external hostname should be set only when the image registry
is exposed externally. The value is used in
publicDockerImageRepository
field in ImageStreams. The value must be in
hostname[:port]
format.
The number of expected masters that should be running. This value defaults to 1 and may be set to a positive integer, or if set to -1, indicates this is part of a cluster.
Choose the CIDRs in the following parameters carefully, because the IPv4 address space is shared by all users of the nodes. OpenShift Container Platform reserves CIDRs from the IPv4 address space for its own use, and reserves CIDRs from the IPv4 address space for addresses that are shared between the external user and the cluster.
Table 10. Network Configuration Parameters
Controls what values are acceptable for the service external IP field. If
empty, no
externalIP
may be set. It may contain a list of CIDRs which are
checked for access. If a CIDR is prefixed with
!
, IPs in that CIDR will be
rejected. Rejections will be applied first, then the IP checked against one of
the allowed CIDRs. You must ensure this range does not overlap with your nodes,
pods, or service CIDRs for security reasons.
Controls the range to assign ingress IPs from for services of type
LoadBalancer
on bare metal. It may contain a single CIDR that it will be
allocated from. By default
172.46.0.0/16
is configured. For security reasons,
you should ensure that this range does not overlap with the CIDRs reserved for
external IPs, nodes, pods, or services.
externalIPNetworkCIDRs
(string array): Controls which values are acceptable for the service external IP field. If empty, no external IP may be set. It can contain a list of CIDRs which are checked for access. If a CIDR is prefixed with
!
, then IPs in that CIDR are rejected. Rejections are applied first, then the IP is checked against one of the allowed CIDRs. For security purposes, you should ensure this range does not overlap with your nodes, pods, or service CIDRs.
ProjectRequestMessage
(string): The string presented to a user if they are unable to request a project via the projectrequest API endpoint.
ProjectRequestTemplate
(string): The template to use for creating projects in response to projectrequest. It is in the format
<namespace>/<template>
. It is optional, and if it is not specified, a default template is used.
SecurityAllocator
: Controls the automatic allocation of UIDs and MCS labels to a project. If nil, allocation is disabled:
mcsAllocatorRange
(string): Defines the range of MCS categories that will be assigned to namespaces. The format is
<prefix>/<numberOfLabels>[,<maxCategory>]
. The default is
s0/2
and will allocate from c0 → c1023, which means a total of 535k labels are available. If this value is changed after startup, new projects may receive labels that are already allocated to other projects. The prefix may be any valid SELinux set of terms (including user, role, and type). However, leaving the prefix at its default allows the server to set them automatically. For example,
s0:/2
would allocate labels from s0:c0,c0 to s0:c511,c511 whereas
s0:/2,512
would allocate labels from s0:c0,c0,c0 to s0:c511,c511,511.
mcsLabelsPerProject
(integer): Defines the number of labels to reserve per project. The default is
5
to match the default UID and MCS ranges.
uidAllocatorRange
(string): Defines the total set of Unix user IDs (UIDs) automatically allocated to projects, and the size of the block that each namespace gets. For example,
1000-1999/10
would allocate ten UIDs per namespace, and would be able to allocate up to 100 blocks before running out of space. The default is to allocate from 1 billion to 2 billion in 10k blocks, which is the expected size of ranges for container images when user namespaces are started.
The template to use for creating projects in response to a projectrequest . It is in the format namespace/template and it is optional. If it is not specified, a default template is used.
Defines the range of MCS categories that will be assigned to namespaces. The
format is
<prefix>/<numberOfLabels>[,<maxCategory>]
. The default is
s0/2
and
will allocate from c0 to c1023, which means a total of 535k labels are available
(1024 choose 2 ~ 535k). If this value is changed after startup, new projects may
receive labels that are already allocated to other projects. Prefix may be any
valid SELinux set of terms (including user, role, and type), although leaving
them as the default will allow the server to set them automatically.
Defines the total set of Unix user IDs (UIDs) that will be allocated to projects automatically, and the size of the block that each namespace gets. For example, 1000-1999/10 will allocate ten UIDs per namespace, and will be able to allocate up to 100 blocks before running out of space. The default is to allocate from 1 billion to 2 billion in 10k blocks (which is the expected size of the ranges container images will use once user namespaces are started).
A list of service account names that will be auto-created in every namespace.
If no names are specified, the
ServiceAccountsController
will not be
started.
The CA for verifying the TLS connection back to the master. The service account controller will automatically inject the contents of this file into pods so they can verify connections to the master.
A file containing a PEM-encoded private RSA key, used to sign service account
tokens. If no private key is specified, the service account
TokensController
will not be started.
A list of files, each containing a PEM-encoded public RSA key. If any file contains a private key, the public portion of the key is used. The list of public keys is used to verify presented service account tokens. Each key is tried in order until the list is exhausted or verification succeeds. If no keys are specified, no service account authentication will be available.
LimitSecretReferences
(boolean): Controls whether or not to allow a service account to reference any secret in a namespace without explicitly referencing them.
ManagedNames
(string): A list of service account names that will be auto-created in every namespace. If no names are specified, then the
ServiceAccountsController
will not be started.
MasterCA
(string): The certificate authority for verifying the TLS connection back to the master. The service account controller will automatically inject the contents of this file into pods so that they can verify connections to the master.
PrivateKeyFile
(string): Contains a PEM-encoded private RSA key, used to sign service account tokens. If no private key is specified, then the service account
TokensController
will not be started.
PublicKeyFiles
(string): A list of files, each containing a PEM-encoded public RSA key. If any file contains a private key, then OpenShift Container Platform uses the public portion of the key. The list of public keys is used to verify service account tokens; each key is tried in order until either the list is exhausted or verification succeeds. If no keys are specified, then service account authentication will not be available.
Allows the DNS server on the master to answer queries recursively. Note that open resolvers can be used for DNS amplification attacks and the master DNS should not be made accessible to public networks.
Provides overrides to the client connection used to connect to the master. This parameter is not supported. To set QPS and burst values, see Setting Node QPS and Burst Values .
Enables
local storage quotas
on each node for each FSGroup.
At present this is only implemented for emptyDir volumes, and if the underlying
volumeDirectory
is on an XFS filesystem.
Audit provides a security-relevant chronological set of records documenting the sequence of activities that have affected system by individual users, administrators, or other components of the system.
Audit works at the API server level, logging all requests coming to the server. Each audit log contains two entries:
AUDIT: id="5c3b8227-4af9-4322-8a71-542231c3887b" ip="127.0.0.1" method="GET" user="admin" as="<self>" asgroups="<lookup>" namespace="default" uri="/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods" AUDIT: id="5c3b8227-4af9-4322-8a71-542231c3887b" response="200"
The following procedure enables basic auditing post installation.
Edit the /etc/origin/master/master-config.yaml file on all master nodes as shown in the following example:
auditConfig:
auditFilePath: "/var/log/origin/audit-ocp.log"
enabled: true
maximumFileRetentionDays: 14
maximumFileSizeMegabytes: 500
maximumRetainedFiles: 15
The advanced audit feature provides several improvements over the basic audit functionality , including fine-grained events filtering and multiple output back ends.
To enable the advanced audit feature, you create an audit policy file and specify the following values in the
openshift_master_audit_config
and
openshift_master_audit_policyfile
parameters:
openshift_master_audit_config={"enabled": true, "auditFilePath": "/var/log/origin/audit-ocp.log", "maximumFileRetentionDays": 14, "maximumFileSizeMegabytes": 500, "maximumRetainedFiles": 5, "policyFile": "/etc/origin/master/adv-audit.yaml", "logFormat":"json"} openshift_master_audit_policyfile="/<path>/adv-audit.yaml"
Specifies the strategy for sending audit events. Allowed values are
block
(blocks processing another event until the previous has fully processed) and
batch
(buffers events and delivers in batches).
Metadata
- Log request metadata (requesting user, time stamp, resource, verb,
etc.), but not request or response body. This is the same level as the one used
in basic audit.
Request
- Log event metadata and request body, but not response body.
RequestResponse
- Log event metadata, request, and response bodies.
get
,
list
,
watch
,
create
,
update
,
patch
,
delete
,
deletecollection
, and
proxy
).
A list of resources the rule applies to. An empty list implies every resource.
Each resource is specified as a group it is assigned to (for example, an empty for
Kubernetes core API, batch, build.openshift.io, etc.), and a resource list from
that group.
A list of groups the rule applies to. An empty list implies every group.
A list of non-resources URLs the rule applies to.
A list of namespaces the rule applies to. An empty list implies every namespace.
Endpoint used by the web console.
Endpoint used by the CLI.
On each master host, specify the ciphers to enable in the
/etc/origin/master/master-config.yaml
file:
servingInfo: minTLSVersion: VersionTLS12 cipherSuites: - TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 - TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA - TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHAConfirm that the cipher is applied. For example, for TLSv1.2 cipher
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
, run the following command:# openssl s_client -connect etcd1.example.com:2379 (1) CONNECTED(00000003) depth=0 CN = etcd1.example.com verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate verify return:1 depth=0 CN = etcd1.example.com verify error:num=21:unable to verify the first certificate verify return:1 139905367488400:error:14094412:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:sslv3 alert bad certificate:s3_pkt.c:1493:SSL alert number 42 139905367488400:error:140790E5:SSL routines:ssl23_write:ssl handshake failure:s23_lib.c:177: Certificate chain 0 s:/CN=etcd1.example.com i:/CN=etcd-signer@1529635004 Server certificate -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIEkjCCAnqgAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAhMR8wHQYDVQQDDBZldGNk ........ eif87qttt0Sl1vS8DG1KQO1oOBlNkg== -----END CERTIFICATE----- subject=/CN=etcd1.example.com issuer=/CN=etcd-signer@1529635004 Acceptable client certificate CA names /CN=etcd-signer@1529635004 Client Certificate Types: RSA sign, ECDSA sign Requested Signature Algorithms: RSA+SHA256:ECDSA+SHA256:RSA+SHA384:ECDSA+SHA384:RSA+SHA1:ECDSA+SHA1 Shared Requested Signature Algorithms: RSA+SHA256:ECDSA+SHA256:RSA+SHA384:ECDSA+SHA384:RSA+SHA1:ECDSA+SHA1 Peer signing digest: SHA384 Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits SSL handshake has read 1666 bytes and written 138 bytes New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Server public key is 2048 bit Secure Renegotiation IS supported Compression: NONE Expansion: NONE No ALPN negotiated SSL-Session: Protocol : TLSv1.2 Cipher : ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Session-ID: Session-ID-ctx: Master-Key: 1EFA00A91EE5FC5EDDCFC67C8ECD060D44FD3EB23D834EDED929E4B74536F273C0F9299935E5504B562CD56E76ED208D Key-Arg : None Krb5 Principal: None PSK identity: None PSK identity hint: None Start Time: 1529651744 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 21 (unable to verify the first certificate)To make configuration changes to an existing node, edit the appropriate configuration map. A sync pod on each node watches for changes in the configuration maps. During installation, the sync pods are created by using sync Daemonsets, and a /etc/origin/node/node-config.yaml file, where the node configuration parameters reside, is added to each node. When a sync pod detects configuration map change, it updates the node-config.yaml on all nodes in that node group and restarts the atomic-openshift-node.service on the appropriate nodes.
$ oc get cm -n openshift-node
Example OutputNAME DATA AGE node-config-all-in-one 1 1d node-config-compute 1 1d node-config-infra 1 1d node-config-master 1 1d node-config-master-infra 1 1d
Sample configuration map for the node-config-compute groupKey value pairs that are passed directly to the Kubelet that match the Kubelet’s command line arguments. The path to the pod manifest file or directory. A directory must contain one or more manifest files. OpenShift Container Platform uses the manifest files to create pods on the node. The pod network settings on the node. Software defined network (SDN) plug-in. Set toapiVersion: v1 authConfig: (1) authenticationCacheSize: 1000 authenticationCacheTTL: 5m authorizationCacheSize: 1000 authorizationCacheTTL: 5m dnsBindAddress: 127.0.0.1:53 dnsDomain: cluster.local dnsIP: 0.0.0.0 (2) dnsNameservers: null dnsRecursiveResolvConf: /etc/origin/node/resolv.conf dockerConfig: dockerShimRootDirectory: /var/lib/dockershim dockerShimSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sock execHandlerName: native enableUnidling: true imageConfig: format: registry.reg-aws.openshift.com/openshift3/ose-${component}:${version} latest: false iptablesSyncPeriod: 30s kind: NodeConfig kubeletArguments: (3) bootstrap-kubeconfig: - /etc/origin/node/bootstrap.kubeconfig cert-dir: - /etc/origin/node/certificates cloud-config: - /etc/origin/cloudprovider/aws.conf cloud-provider: - aws enable-controller-attach-detach: - 'true' feature-gates: - RotateKubeletClientCertificate=true,RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true node-labels: - node-role.kubernetes.io/compute=true pod-manifest-path: - /etc/origin/node/pods (4) rotate-certificates: - 'true' masterClientConnectionOverrides: acceptContentTypes: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf,application/json burst: 40 contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf qps: 20 masterKubeConfig: node.kubeconfig networkConfig: (5) mtu: 8951 networkPluginName: redhat/openshift-ovs-subnet (6) servingInfo: (7) bindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10250 bindNetwork: tcp4 clientCA: client-ca.crt (8) volumeConfig: localQuota: perFSGroup: null volumeDirectory: /var/lib/origin/openshift.local.volumes
redhat/openshift-ovs-subnet
for the ovs-subnet plug-in;redhat/openshift-ovs-multitenant
for the ovs-multitenant plug-in; orredhat/openshift-ovs-networkpolicy
for the ovs-networkpolicy plug-in. Certificate information for the node. Optional: PEM-encoded certificate bundle. If set, a valid client certificate must be presented and validated against the certificate authorities in the specified file before the request headers are checked for user names.The node configuration file determines the resources of a node. See the Allocating node resources section in the Cluster Administrator guide for more information.
Pod and Node Configuration
Table 20. Pod and Node Configuration ParametersThe value used to identify this particular node in the cluster. If possible, this should be your fully qualified hostname. If you are describing a set of static nodes to the master, this value must match one of the values in the list.
You can use the XFS quota subsystem to limit the size of
emptyDir
volumes and volumes based on anemptyDir
volume, such as secrets and configuration maps, on each node.To limit the size of
emptyDir
volumes in an XFS filesystem, configure local volume quota for each unique FSGroup using the node-config-compute configuration map in the openshift-node project.apiVersion: kubelet.config.openshift.io/v1 kind: VolumeConfig localQuota: (1) perFSGroup: 1Gi (2)Set this value to a resource quantity representing the desired quota per [FSGroup], per node, such as1Gi
,512Mi
, and so forth. Requires the volumeDirectory to be on an XFS filesystem mounted with thegrpquota
option. The matching security context constraint fsGroup type must be set toMustRunAs
.If no FSGroup is specified, indicating the request matched an SCC with
RunAsAny
, the quota application is skipped.Do not edit the /etc/origin/node/volume-config.yaml file directly. The file is created from the node-config-compute configuration map. Use the node-config-compute configuration map to create or edit the paramaters in the volume-config.yaml file.
Setting Node Queries per Second (QPS) Limits and Burst Values
The rate at which kubelet talks to API server depends on qps and burst values. The default values are good enough if there are limited pods running on each node. Provided there are enough CPU and memory resources on the node, the qps and burst values can be tweaked in the /etc/origin/node/node-config.yaml file:
kubeletArguments: kube-api-qps: - "20" kube-api-burst: - "40"
Parallel Image Pulls with Docker 1.9+
If you are using Docker 1.9+, you may want to consider enabling parallel image pulling, as the default is to pull images one at a time.
There is a potential issue with data corruption prior to Docker 1.9. However, starting with 1.9, the corruption issue is resolved and it is safe to switch to parallel pulls.
For some authentication configurations, an LDAP
bindPassword
or OAuthclientSecret
value is required. Instead of specifying these values directly in the master configuration file, these values may be provided as environment variables, external files, or in encrypted files.Environment Variable ExamplebindPassword: env: BIND_PASSWORD_ENV_VAR_NAME
External File ExamplebindPassword: file: bindPassword.txt
Encrypted External File ExamplebindPassword: file: bindPassword.encrypted keyFile: bindPassword.key
To create the encrypted file and key file for the above example:
$ oc adm ca encrypt --genkey=bindPassword.key --out=bindPassword.encrypted > Data to encrypt: B1ndPass0rd!Run
oc adm
commands only from the first master listed in the Ansible host inventory file, by default /etc/ansible/hosts.When defining an OpenShift Container Platform configuration from scratch, start by creating new configuration files.
For master host configuration files, use the
openshift start
command with the--write-config
option to write the configuration files. For node hosts, use theoc adm create-node-config
command to write the configuration files.The following commands write the relevant launch configuration file(s), certificate files, and any other necessary files to the specified
--write-config
or--node-dir
directory.Generated certificate files are valid for two years, while the certification authority (CA) certificate is valid for five years. This can be altered with the
--expire-days
and--signer-expire-days
options, but for security reasons, it is recommended to not make them greater than these values.To create configuration files for an all-in-one server (a master and a node on the same host) in the specified directory:
$ openshift start --write-config=/openshift.local.configTo create a master configuration file and other required files in the specified directory:
$ openshift start master --write-config=/openshift.local.config/masterTo create a node configuration file and other related files in the specified directory:
$ oc adm create-node-config \ --node-dir=/openshift.local.config/node-<node_hostname> \ --node=<node_hostname> \ --hostnames=<node_hostname>,<ip_address> \ --certificate-authority="/path/to/ca.crt" \ --signer-cert="/path/to/ca.crt" \ --signer-key="/path/to/ca.key" --signer-serial="/path/to/ca.serial.txt" --node-client-certificate-authority="/path/to/ca.crt"When creating node configuration files, the
--hostnames
option accepts a comma-delimited list of every host name or IP address you want server certificates to be valid for.After you have modified the master and node configuration files to your specifications, you can use them when launching servers by specifying them as an argument. If you specify a configuration file, none of the other command line options you pass are respected.
Start the network proxy and SDN plug-ins using a node configuration file and a node.kubeconfig file:
$ openshift start network \ --config=/openshift.local.config/node-<node_hostname>/node-config.yaml \ --kubeconfig=/openshift.local.config/node-<node_hostname>/node.kubeconfigOpenShift Container Platform collects log messages for debugging, using the
systemd-journald.service
for nodes and a script, calledmaster-logs
, for masters.The logging uses five log message severities based on Kubernetes logging conventions, as follows:
Table 23. Log Level OptionsConfiguring Logging Levels
You can control which INFO messages are logged by setting the
DEBUG_LOGLEVEL
option in the /etc/origin/master/master.env file for the master or /etc/sysconfig/atomic-openshift-node file for the nodes. Configuring the logs to collect all messages can lead to large logs that are difficult to interpret and can take up excessive space. Only collect all messages when you need to debug your cluster.Edit the /etc/origin/master/master.env file for the master or /etc/sysconfig/atomic-openshift-node file for the nodes.
Enter a value from the Log Level Options table in the
DEBUG_LOGLEVEL
field.For example:
DEBUG_LOGLEVEL=4The default log level can be set using the standard cluster installation process. For more information, see Cluster Variables.
The following examples are excerpts of redirected master log files at various log levels. System information has been removed from these examples.
Excerpt ofmaster-logs api api 2> file
output at loglevel=2W1022 15:08:09.787705 1 server.go:79] Unable to keep dnsmasq up to date, 0.0.0.0:8053 must point to port 53 I1022 15:08:09.787894 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for tcp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:08:09.787913 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for udp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:08:09.889022 1 dns_server.go:63] DNS listening at 0.0.0.0:8053 I1022 15:08:09.893156 1 feature_gate.go:190] feature gates: map[AdvancedAuditing:true] I1022 15:08:09.893500 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth I1022 15:08:09.914759 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth I1022 15:08:09.942349 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth W1022 15:08:09.977088 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:08:09.977176 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1 [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:09 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] listing is available at https://openshift.com:443/swaggerapi [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:09 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] https://openshift.com:443/swaggerui/ is mapped to folder /swagger-ui/ I1022 15:08:10.231405 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth W1022 15:08:10.259523 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:08:10.259555 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1 I1022 15:08:23.895493 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 10.10.94.10:46322: EOF I1022 15:08:24.449577 1 crdregistration_controller.go:110] Starting crd-autoregister controller I1022 15:08:24.449916 1 controller_utils.go:1019] Waiting for caches to sync for crd-autoregister controller I1022 15:08:24.496147 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 127.0.0.1:39140: EOF I1022 15:08:24.821198 1 cache.go:39] Caches are synced for APIServiceRegistrationController controller I1022 15:08:24.833022 1 cache.go:39] Caches are synced for AvailableConditionController controller I1022 15:08:24.865087 1 controller.go:537] quota admission added evaluator for: { events} I1022 15:08:24.865393 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 127.0.0.1:39162: read tcp4 127.0.0.1:443->127.0.0.1:39162: read: connection reset by peer I1022 15:08:24.966917 1 controller_utils.go:1026] Caches are synced for crd-autoregister controller I1022 15:08:24.967961 1 autoregister_controller.go:136] Starting autoregister controller I1022 15:08:24.967977 1 cache.go:32] Waiting for caches to sync for autoregister controller I1022 15:08:25.015924 1 controller.go:537] quota admission added evaluator for: { serviceaccounts} I1022 15:08:25.077984 1 cache.go:39] Caches are synced for autoregister controller W1022 15:08:25.304265 1 lease_endpoint_reconciler.go:176] Resetting endpoints for master service "kubernetes" to [10.10.94.10] E1022 15:08:25.472536 1 memcache.go:153] couldn't get resource list for servicecatalog.k8s.io/v1beta1: the server could not find the requested resource E1022 15:08:25.550888 1 memcache.go:153] couldn't get resource list for servicecatalog.k8s.io/v1beta1: the server could not find the requested resource I1022 15:08:29.480691 1 healthz.go:72] /healthz/log check I1022 15:08:30.981999 1 controller.go:105] OpenAPI AggregationController: Processing item v1beta1.servicecatalog.k8s.io E1022 15:08:30.990914 1 controller.go:111] loading OpenAPI spec for "v1beta1.servicecatalog.k8s.io" failed with: OpenAPI spec does not exists I1022 15:08:30.990965 1 controller.go:119] OpenAPI AggregationController: action for item v1beta1.servicecatalog.k8s.io: Rate Limited Requeue. I1022 15:08:31.530473 1 trace.go:76] Trace[1253590531]: "Get /api/v1/namespaces/openshift-infra/serviceaccounts/serviceaccount-controller" (started: 2018-10-22 15:08:30.868387562 +0000 UTC m=+24.277041043) (total time: 661.981642ms): Trace[1253590531]: [661.903178ms] [661.89217ms] About to write a response I1022 15:08:31.531366 1 trace.go:76] Trace[83808472]: "Get /api/v1/namespaces/aws-sb/secrets/aws-servicebroker" (started: 2018-10-22 15:08:30.831296749 +0000 UTC m=+24.239950203) (total time: 700.049245ms):Excerpt ofmaster-logs api api 2> file
output at loglevel=4I1022 15:08:09.746980 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: AlwaysDeny. I1022 15:08:09.747597 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: ResourceQuota. I1022 15:08:09.748038 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: openshift.io/ClusterResourceQuota. I1022 15:08:09.786771 1 start_master.go:458] Starting master on 0.0.0.0:443 (v3.10.45) I1022 15:08:09.786798 1 start_master.go:459] Public master address is https://openshift.com:443 I1022 15:08:09.786844 1 start_master.go:463] Using images from "registry.access.redhat.com/openshift3/ose-<component>:v3.10.45" W1022 15:08:09.787046 1 dns_server.go:37] Binding DNS on port 8053 instead of 53, which may not be resolvable from all clients W1022 15:08:09.787705 1 server.go:79] Unable to keep dnsmasq up to date, 0.0.0.0:8053 must point to port 53 I1022 15:08:09.787894 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for tcp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:08:09.787913 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for udp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:08:09.889022 1 dns_server.go:63] DNS listening at 0.0.0.0:8053 I1022 15:08:09.893156 1 feature_gate.go:190] feature gates: map[AdvancedAuditing:true] I1022 15:08:09.893500 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth I1022 15:08:09.914759 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth I1022 15:08:09.942349 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth W1022 15:08:09.977088 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:08:09.977176 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1 [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:09 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] listing is available at https://openshift.com:443/swaggerapi [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:09 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] https://openshift.com:443/swaggerui/ is mapped to folder /swagger-ui/ I1022 15:08:10.231405 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth W1022 15:08:10.259523 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:08:10.259555 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1 [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:10 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] listing is available at https://openshift.com:443/swaggerapi [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:10 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] https://openshift.com:443/swaggerui/ is mapped to folder /swagger-ui/ I1022 15:08:10.444303 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth W1022 15:08:10.492409 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:08:10.492507 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1 [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:10 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] listing is available at https://openshift.com:443/swaggerapi [restful] 2018/10/22 15:08:10 log.go:33: [restful/swagger] https://openshift.com:443/swaggerui/ is mapped to folder /swagger-ui/ I1022 15:08:10.774824 1 master.go:431] Starting OAuth2 API at /oauth I1022 15:08:23.808685 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 10.128.0.11:39206: EOF I1022 15:08:23.815311 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 10.128.0.14:53054: EOF I1022 15:08:23.822286 1 customresource_discovery_controller.go:174] Starting DiscoveryController I1022 15:08:23.822349 1 naming_controller.go:276] Starting NamingConditionController I1022 15:08:23.822705 1 logs.go:49] http: TLS handshake error from 10.128.0.14:53056: EOF +24.277041043) (total time: 661.981642ms): Trace[1253590531]: [661.903178ms] [661.89217ms] About to write a response I1022 15:08:31.531366 1 trace.go:76] Trace[83808472]: "Get /api/v1/namespaces/aws-sb/secrets/aws-servicebroker" (started: 2018-10-22 15:08:30.831296749 +0000 UTC m=+24.239950203) (total time: 700.049245ms): Trace[83808472]: [700.049245ms] [700.04027ms] END I1022 15:08:31.531695 1 trace.go:76] Trace[1916801734]: "Get /api/v1/namespaces/aws-sb/secrets/aws-servicebroker" (started: 2018-10-22 15:08:31.031163449 +0000 UTC m=+24.439816907) (total time: 500.514208ms): Trace[1916801734]: [500.514208ms] [500.505008ms] END I1022 15:08:44.675371 1 healthz.go:72] /healthz/log check I1022 15:08:46.589759 1 controller.go:537] quota admission added evaluator for: { endpoints} I1022 15:08:46.621270 1 controller.go:537] quota admission added evaluator for: { endpoints} I1022 15:08:57.159494 1 healthz.go:72] /healthz/log check I1022 15:09:07.161315 1 healthz.go:72] /healthz/log check I1022 15:09:16.297982 1 trace.go:76] Trace[2001108522]: "GuaranteedUpdate etcd3: *core.Node" (started: 2018-10-22 15:09:15.139820419 +0000 UTC m=+68.548473981) (total time: 1.158128974s): Trace[2001108522]: [1.158012755s] [1.156496534s] Transaction committed I1022 15:09:16.298165 1 trace.go:76] Trace[1124283912]: "Patch /api/v1/nodes/master-0.com/status" (started: 2018-10-22 15:09:15.139695483 +0000 UTC m=+68.548348970) (total time: 1.158434318s): Trace[1124283912]: [1.158328853s] [1.15713683s] Object stored in database I1022 15:09:16.298761 1 trace.go:76] Trace[24963576]: "GuaranteedUpdate etcd3: *core.Node" (started: 2018-10-22 15:09:15.13159057 +0000 UTC m=+68.540244112) (total time: 1.167151224s): Trace[24963576]: [1.167106144s] [1.165570379s] Transaction committed I1022 15:09:16.298882 1 trace.go:76] Trace[222129183]: "Patch /api/v1/nodes/node-0.com/status" (started: 2018-10-22 15:09:15.131269234 +0000 UTC m=+68.539922722) (total time: 1.167595526s): Trace[222129183]: [1.167517296s] [1.166135605s] Object stored in databaseExcerpt ofmaster-logs api api 2> file
output at loglevel=81022 15:11:58.829357 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "NamespaceLifecycle" I1022 15:11:58.839967 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "Initializers" I1022 15:11:58.839994 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "ValidatingAdmissionWebhook" I1022 15:11:58.840012 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "MutatingAdmissionWebhook" I1022 15:11:58.840025 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "AlwaysAdmit" I1022 15:11:58.840082 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "AlwaysPullImages" I1022 15:11:58.840105 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "LimitPodHardAntiAffinityTopology" I1022 15:11:58.840126 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "DefaultTolerationSeconds" I1022 15:11:58.840146 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "AlwaysDeny" I1022 15:11:58.840176 1 plugins.go:84] Registered admission plugin "EventRateLimit" I1022 15:11:59.850825 1 feature_gate.go:190] feature gates: map[AdvancedAuditing:true] I1022 15:11:59.859108 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin AlwaysAdmit is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.859284 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: AlwaysAdmit. I1022 15:11:59.859809 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin NamespaceAutoProvision is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.859939 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: NamespaceAutoProvision. I1022 15:11:59.860594 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin NamespaceExists is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.860778 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: NamespaceExists. I1022 15:11:59.863999 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: NamespaceLifecycle. I1022 15:11:59.864626 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin EventRateLimit is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.864768 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: EventRateLimit. I1022 15:11:59.865259 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin ProjectRequestLimit is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.865376 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: ProjectRequestLimit. I1022 15:11:59.866126 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: OriginNamespaceLifecycle. I1022 15:11:59.866709 1 register.go:154] Admission plugin openshift.io/RestrictSubjectBindings is not enabled. It will not be started. I1022 15:11:59.866761 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: openshift.io/RestrictSubjectBindings. I1022 15:11:59.867304 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: openshift.io/JenkinsBootstrapper. I1022 15:11:59.867823 1 plugins.go:149] Loaded 1 admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: openshift.io/BuildConfigSecretInjector. I1022 15:12:00.015273 1 master_config.go:476] Initializing cache sizes based on 0MB limit I1022 15:12:00.015896 1 master_config.go:539] Using the lease endpoint reconciler with TTL=15s and interval=10s I1022 15:12:00.018396 1 storage_factory.go:285] storing { apiServerIPInfo} in v1, reading as __internal from storagebackend.Config{Type:"etcd3", Prefix:"kubernetes.io", ServerList:[]string{"https://master-0.com:2379"}, KeyFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.key", CertFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.crt", CAFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-ca.crt", Quorum:true, Paging:true, DeserializationCacheSize:0, Codec:runtime.Codec(nil), Transformer:value.Transformer(nil), CompactionInterval:300000000000, CountMetricPollPeriod:60000000000} I1022 15:12:00.037710 1 storage_factory.go:285] storing { endpoints} in v1, reading as __internal from storagebackend.Config{Type:"etcd3", Prefix:"kubernetes.io", ServerList:[]string{"https://master-0.com:2379"}, KeyFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.key", CertFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.crt", CAFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-ca.crt", Quorum:true, Paging:true, DeserializationCacheSize:0, Codec:runtime.Codec(nil), Transformer:value.Transformer(nil), CompactionInterval:300000000000, CountMetricPollPeriod:60000000000} I1022 15:12:00.054112 1 compact.go:54] compactor already exists for endpoints [https://master-0.com:2379] I1022 15:12:00.054678 1 start_master.go:458] Starting master on 0.0.0.0:443 (v3.10.45) I1022 15:12:00.054755 1 start_master.go:459] Public master address is https://openshift.com:443 I1022 15:12:00.054837 1 start_master.go:463] Using images from "registry.access.redhat.com/openshift3/ose-<component>:v3.10.45" W1022 15:12:00.056957 1 dns_server.go:37] Binding DNS on port 8053 instead of 53, which may not be resolvable from all clients W1022 15:12:00.065497 1 server.go:79] Unable to keep dnsmasq up to date, 0.0.0.0:8053 must point to port 53 I1022 15:12:00.066061 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for tcp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:12:00.066265 1 logs.go:49] skydns: ready for queries on cluster.local. for udp4://0.0.0.0:8053 [rcache 0] I1022 15:12:00.158725 1 dns_server.go:63] DNS listening at 0.0.0.0:8053 I1022 15:12:00.167910 1 htpasswd.go:118] Loading htpasswd file /etc/origin/master/htpasswd... I1022 15:12:00.168182 1 htpasswd.go:118] Loading htpasswd file /etc/origin/master/htpasswd... I1022 15:12:00.231233 1 storage_factory.go:285] storing {apps.openshift.io deploymentconfigs} in apps.openshift.io/v1, reading as apps.openshift.io/__internal from storagebackend.Config{Type:"etcd3", Prefix:"openshift.io", ServerList:[]string{"https://master-0.com:2379"}, KeyFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.key", CertFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-client.crt", CAFile:"/etc/origin/master/master.etcd-ca.crt", Quorum:true, Paging:true, DeserializationCacheSize:0, Codec:runtime.Codec(nil), Transformer:value.Transformer(nil), CompactionInterval:300000000000, CountMetricPollPeriod:60000000000} I1022 15:12:00.248136 1 compact.go:54] compactor already exists for endpoints [https://master-0.com:2379] I1022 15:12:00.248697 1 store.go:1391] Monitoring deploymentconfigs.apps.openshift.io count at <storage-prefix>//deploymentconfigs W1022 15:12:00.256861 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /oapi/v1 W1022 15:12:00.258106 1 swagger.go:38] No API exists for predefined swagger description /api/v1
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