字面值 | PingCAP 归档文档站

link管理

链接快照平台

输入网页链接，自动生成快照
标签化管理网页链接

相关文章推荐

有腹肌的啄木鸟 · 使用 JdbcTemplate ...· 1 周前 ·

爱跑步的钥匙 · MybatisPlus学习笔记 | ...· 1 周前 ·

咆哮的馒头 · Get Nth Entry from ...· 1 周前 ·

留胡子的汤圆 · SharePoint 搜索 REST ...· 6 天前 ·

没有腹肌的开水瓶 · Exception in thread ...· 6 天前 ·

Leadstec · Leads Technologies ...· 1 月前 ·

胆小的领结 · 【收藏】一起学习三维GIS—Mapbox ...· 3 月前 ·

八块腹肌的风衣 · 寄宿日记好看的韩漫人气漫画推荐新章_哔哩哔哩 ...· 3 月前 ·

暴走的黄豆 · 幽门螺杆菌感染会乏力没精神吗· 6 月前 ·

谈吐大方的盒饭 · 深圳市规划和自然资源局· 8 月前 ·

</noscript><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TPX49SBK" height="0" width="0" style="display: none; visibility: hidden" aria-hidden="true"/></noscript><div id="___gatsby"><div style="outline:none" tabindex="-1" id="gatsby-focus-wrapper"><style data-emotion="css 6ko3zs">.css-6ko3zs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;position:fixed;z-index:1100;top:0;left:auto;right:0;background-color:#1976d2;color:#fff;background-color:#f9f9f9;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5;box-shadow:0px 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);height:5rem;}@media print{.css-6ko3zs{}}</style><style data-emotion="css foju0o">.css-foju0o{background-color:#fff;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);-webkit-transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;box-shadow:0px 2px 4px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 4px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;position:fixed;z-index:1100;top:0;left:auto;right:0;background-color:#1976d2;color:#fff;background-color:#f9f9f9;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5;box-shadow:0px 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);height:5rem;}@media print{.css-foju0o{}}</style><header class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-elevation4 MuiAppBar-root MuiAppBar-colorPrimary MuiAppBar-positionFixed doc-site-header mui-fixed css-foju0o"><style data-emotion="css 1xw2ef0">.css-1xw2ef0{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;min-height:56px;height:100%;}@media (min-width:600px){.css-1xw2ef0{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}}@media (min-width:0px){@media (orientation: landscape){.css-1xw2ef0{min-height:48px;}}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-1xw2ef0{min-height:64px;}}@media (min-width:900px){.css-1xw2ef0{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;}}</style><div class="MuiToolbar-root MuiToolbar-gutters MuiToolbar-regular css-1xw2ef0"><style data-emotion="css 16bbyrv">.css-16bbyrv{text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;}.css-16bbyrv:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-16bbyrv:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-16bbyrv.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-16bbyrv{;}}</style><style data-emotion="css iuftj9">.css-iuftj9{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;}.css-iuftj9::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-iuftj9.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-iuftj9{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-iuftj9:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-iuftj9:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-iuftj9.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-iuftj9{;}}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeMedium css-iuftj9" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="menu"><style data-emotion="css vubbuv">.css-vubbuv{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-vubbuv" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="MenuIcon"><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z"/></svg></button><style data-emotion="css a3xyjy">.css-a3xyjy{z-index:1200;}</style><style data-emotion="css 13tqxrv">@media (min-width:0px){.css-13tqxrv{;}}@media (min-width:900px){.css-13tqxrv{display:block;}}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-13tqxrv"><style data-emotion="css tx8jsd">.css-tx8jsd{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;}</style><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://cn.pingcap.com/" style="text-decoration:none"><style data-emotion="css uz5bjn">.css-uz5bjn{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;width:6.75rem;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-uz5bjn{;}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-uz5bjn{display:block;}}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-uz5bjn" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 769.89 203.08"><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Layer_1-2" data-name="Layer 1"><path fill="#082265" d="M100.11,47.34l-88-25.1A9.5,9.5,0,0,0,0,31.38v162.2a9.51,9.51,0,0,0,9.48,9.5,9.35,9.35,0,0,0,2.22-.26l88-21h0a9.48,9.48,0,0,0,7.3-9.25V56.48A9.54,9.54,0,0,0,100.11,47.34Z"/><path fill="#00aeef" d="M160.05,41.57a9.55,9.55,0,0,0-6.88-9.11L41.16.37A9.5,9.5,0,0,0,29,9.51V132.59a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,11.72,9.23l112.14-27a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,7.28-9.26Z"/><path fill="#303eab" d="M100.11,47.34,29,27.07V132.59a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,11.72,9.23L107,125.88V56.48A9.54,9.54,0,0,0,100.11,47.34Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M576.1,126.26h0l-.23.37a40.12,40.12,0,0,1-13.72,13.09,36.62,36.62,0,0,1-18.78,5.43c-10.94,0-20.51-4.36-28.42-13a43.82,43.82,0,0,1-11.37-31,43.09,43.09,0,0,1,11.74-29.38c7.62-8.17,16.81-12.31,27.3-12.31,14.37-.13,25.2,5.8,33.13,18.13L576,78h.22l9.33-5.77a51.65,51.65,0,0,0-15.42-16.39,48.17,48.17,0,0,0-26.73-8.09A46.85,46.85,0,0,0,507.66,63c-9.94,10.23-15,23.28-15,38.77,0,15,5,28.08,14.84,38.9,9.81,10.64,21.69,16,35.33,16h.51c17.92-.37,32.69-9.06,42.11-24.6Z"/><polygon fill="#082265" points="645.84 49.09 633.16 49.09 586.01 154.63 601.05 154.63 615.63 119.55 615.65 119.55 620.8 108.59 620.78 108.59 639.76 64.05 658.36 108.59 631.66 108.59 626.79 119.55 662.69 119.55 677.4 154.63 690.66 154.63 645.84 49.09"/><path fill="#082265" d="M759.63,58.75c-7-6.32-15.81-9.52-26.18-9.52H699.3v105.4h12.44V113.34h0V102.25h0V60.59H734a24.73,24.73,0,0,1,16.22,5.63,18.12,18.12,0,0,1,7.37,14c.39,6.62-1.77,11.88-6.61,16.07a23.43,23.43,0,0,1-16.31,6H721.77v11.09h14.91a33.34,33.34,0,0,0,23.23-8.85,29,29,0,0,0,10-21.91C770,72.89,766.58,64.87,759.63,58.75Z"/><rect fill="#082265" x="296.25" y="51.17" width="12.44" height="12.44"/><rect fill="#082265" x="296.25" y="79.04" width="12.44" height="75.74"/><path fill="#082265" d="M483.63,147.21V114.69a38.6,38.6,0,0,0-12.25-29.2c-8.22-8.22-18.1-12.27-29.35-12a39.17,39.17,0,0,0-27.82,12.54,40.08,40.08,0,0,0-11.29,28.49,41,41,0,0,0,12.24,29.59c8.19,8.18,18,12.12,29.22,11.71a38.78,38.78,0,0,0,27.48-12.33v5.17m0,0c0,6.88-2.73,12.89-8.11,17.88a27.1,27.1,0,0,1-19,7.73,27.83,27.83,0,0,1-16.93-5.64,25.92,25.92,0,0,1-9-10.54l-9.52,5.5a36.63,36.63,0,0,0,9.94,12c6.6,5.25,14.75,8.13,24.23,8.54.59,0,1.18,0,1.77,0a40.89,40.89,0,0,0,26-9.25c8.17-6.52,12.32-14.86,12.32-24.8v-2.95m-12-31.74a29.23,29.23,0,0,1-8.41,20.22,25.68,25.68,0,0,1-19.5,8.38,27.3,27.3,0,0,1-20.2-8.39,28.22,28.22,0,0,1-8.66-20.34,28.66,28.66,0,0,1,7.88-20.61,27.21,27.21,0,0,1,19.53-9.45c.51,0,1,0,1.5,0,7.61,0,14,2.85,19.45,8.69A28.51,28.51,0,0,1,471.59,115.47Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M274.1,58.75c-7-6.32-15.81-9.52-26.19-9.52H213.76v105.4h12.45V113.34h0V102.25h0V60.59h22.24a24.73,24.73,0,0,1,16.23,5.63,18.12,18.12,0,0,1,7.37,14c.39,6.62-1.77,11.88-6.61,16.07a23.43,23.43,0,0,1-16.31,6H236.24v11.09h14.91a33.34,33.34,0,0,0,23.23-8.85,29,29,0,0,0,10-21.91C284.5,72.89,281.05,64.87,274.1,58.75Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M357.54,74.41c-9.92,0-18.3,3.43-24.94,10.2s-9.91,15.24-9.91,25.33v44.53h12V108.86a21.82,21.82,0,0,1,6.75-16.1A22.08,22.08,0,0,1,357.54,86a21.49,21.49,0,0,1,15.82,6.75,21.86,21.86,0,0,1,6.89,16.1v45.61h12V109.94c0-10.09-3.34-18.61-9.92-25.33A33.47,33.47,0,0,0,357.54,74.41Z"/></g></g></svg></a></div><style data-emotion="css 5qlh60">.css-5qlh60{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;padding-left:2rem;height:100%;}.css-5qlh60&gt;:not(style)+:not(style){margin:0;margin-left:24px;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-5qlh60{;}}@media (min-width:900px){.css-5qlh60{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}}</style><div class="css-5qlh60"><style data-emotion="css kiou0g">.css-kiou0g{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-kiou0g"><a style="text-decoration:none" hreflang="zh" href="/zh/"><style data-emotion="css 2jgwiy">.css-2jgwiy{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;color:#282a36;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,"IBM Plex Sans",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji";display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;gap:4px;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-2jgwiy">归档文档中心</div></a></div><div class="MuiBox-root css-kiou0g"><a style="text-decoration:none" hreflang="zh" href="/zh/tidb/v2.1"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-2jgwiy">TiDB</div></a></div><div class="MuiBox-root css-kiou0g"><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://asktug.com/" style="text-decoration:none"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-2jgwiy">社区</div></a></div><div class="MuiBox-root css-kiou0g"><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://cn.pingcap.com/contact/" style="text-decoration:none"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-2jgwiy">联系我们</div></a></div><div class="MuiBox-root css-kiou0g"><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://cn.pingcap.com/product/#SelectProduct" style="text-decoration:none"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-2jgwiy"><style data-emotion="css xnd31y">.css-xnd31y{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:inherit;padding-top:0.5rem;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-xnd31y" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="DownloadIcon"><path d="M5 20h14v-2H5v2zM19 9h-4V3H9v6H5l7 7 7-7z"/></svg></div></a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1vn3uc0">.css-1vn3uc0{color:#282a36;}@media (min-width:900px){.css-1vn3uc0{;}}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1vn3uc0"><style data-emotion="css btg76o">.css-btg76o{text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;border-color:currentColor;box-shadow:none;}.css-btg76o:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-btg76o:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-btg76o.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}.css-btg76o:hover{box-shadow:none;}.css-btg76o.Mui-focusVisible{box-shadow:none;}.css-btg76o:active{box-shadow:none;}.css-btg76o.Mui-disabled{box-shadow:none;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1ei260h">.css-1ei260h{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;border-color:currentColor;box-shadow:none;}.css-1ei260h::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-1ei260h.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-1ei260h{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-1ei260h:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-1ei260h:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-1ei260h.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}.css-1ei260h:hover{box-shadow:none;}.css-1ei260h.Mui-focusVisible{box-shadow:none;}.css-1ei260h:active{box-shadow:none;}.css-1ei260h.Mui-disabled{box-shadow:none;}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiButton-root MuiButton-text MuiButton-textInherit MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-textSizeMedium MuiButton-colorInherit MuiButton-disableElevation css-1ei260h" tabindex="0" type="button" id="header-nav-items" aria-haspopup="true"><style data-emotion="css 6xugel">.css-6xugel{display:inherit;margin-right:8px;margin-left:-4px;}.css-6xugel&gt;*:nth-of-type(1){font-size:20px;}</style><span class="MuiButton-startIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-6xugel"><style data-emotion="css 1x9zct">.css-1x9zct{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;width:6.75rem;height:1.5rem;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-1x9zct" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 769.89 203.08"><g id="Layer_2" data-name="Layer 2"><g id="Layer_1-2" data-name="Layer 1"><path fill="#082265" d="M100.11,47.34l-88-25.1A9.5,9.5,0,0,0,0,31.38v162.2a9.51,9.51,0,0,0,9.48,9.5,9.35,9.35,0,0,0,2.22-.26l88-21h0a9.48,9.48,0,0,0,7.3-9.25V56.48A9.54,9.54,0,0,0,100.11,47.34Z"/><path fill="#00aeef" d="M160.05,41.57a9.55,9.55,0,0,0-6.88-9.11L41.16.37A9.5,9.5,0,0,0,29,9.51V132.59a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,11.72,9.23l112.14-27a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,7.28-9.26Z"/><path fill="#303eab" d="M100.11,47.34,29,27.07V132.59a9.47,9.47,0,0,0,11.72,9.23L107,125.88V56.48A9.54,9.54,0,0,0,100.11,47.34Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M576.1,126.26h0l-.23.37a40.12,40.12,0,0,1-13.72,13.09,36.62,36.62,0,0,1-18.78,5.43c-10.94,0-20.51-4.36-28.42-13a43.82,43.82,0,0,1-11.37-31,43.09,43.09,0,0,1,11.74-29.38c7.62-8.17,16.81-12.31,27.3-12.31,14.37-.13,25.2,5.8,33.13,18.13L576,78h.22l9.33-5.77a51.65,51.65,0,0,0-15.42-16.39,48.17,48.17,0,0,0-26.73-8.09A46.85,46.85,0,0,0,507.66,63c-9.94,10.23-15,23.28-15,38.77,0,15,5,28.08,14.84,38.9,9.81,10.64,21.69,16,35.33,16h.51c17.92-.37,32.69-9.06,42.11-24.6Z"/><polygon fill="#082265" points="645.84 49.09 633.16 49.09 586.01 154.63 601.05 154.63 615.63 119.55 615.65 119.55 620.8 108.59 620.78 108.59 639.76 64.05 658.36 108.59 631.66 108.59 626.79 119.55 662.69 119.55 677.4 154.63 690.66 154.63 645.84 49.09"/><path fill="#082265" d="M759.63,58.75c-7-6.32-15.81-9.52-26.18-9.52H699.3v105.4h12.44V113.34h0V102.25h0V60.59H734a24.73,24.73,0,0,1,16.22,5.63,18.12,18.12,0,0,1,7.37,14c.39,6.62-1.77,11.88-6.61,16.07a23.43,23.43,0,0,1-16.31,6H721.77v11.09h14.91a33.34,33.34,0,0,0,23.23-8.85,29,29,0,0,0,10-21.91C770,72.89,766.58,64.87,759.63,58.75Z"/><rect fill="#082265" x="296.25" y="51.17" width="12.44" height="12.44"/><rect fill="#082265" x="296.25" y="79.04" width="12.44" height="75.74"/><path fill="#082265" d="M483.63,147.21V114.69a38.6,38.6,0,0,0-12.25-29.2c-8.22-8.22-18.1-12.27-29.35-12a39.17,39.17,0,0,0-27.82,12.54,40.08,40.08,0,0,0-11.29,28.49,41,41,0,0,0,12.24,29.59c8.19,8.18,18,12.12,29.22,11.71a38.78,38.78,0,0,0,27.48-12.33v5.17m0,0c0,6.88-2.73,12.89-8.11,17.88a27.1,27.1,0,0,1-19,7.73,27.83,27.83,0,0,1-16.93-5.64,25.92,25.92,0,0,1-9-10.54l-9.52,5.5a36.63,36.63,0,0,0,9.94,12c6.6,5.25,14.75,8.13,24.23,8.54.59,0,1.18,0,1.77,0a40.89,40.89,0,0,0,26-9.25c8.17-6.52,12.32-14.86,12.32-24.8v-2.95m-12-31.74a29.23,29.23,0,0,1-8.41,20.22,25.68,25.68,0,0,1-19.5,8.38,27.3,27.3,0,0,1-20.2-8.39,28.22,28.22,0,0,1-8.66-20.34,28.66,28.66,0,0,1,7.88-20.61,27.21,27.21,0,0,1,19.53-9.45c.51,0,1,0,1.5,0,7.61,0,14,2.85,19.45,8.69A28.51,28.51,0,0,1,471.59,115.47Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M274.1,58.75c-7-6.32-15.81-9.52-26.19-9.52H213.76v105.4h12.45V113.34h0V102.25h0V60.59h22.24a24.73,24.73,0,0,1,16.23,5.63,18.12,18.12,0,0,1,7.37,14c.39,6.62-1.77,11.88-6.61,16.07a23.43,23.43,0,0,1-16.31,6H236.24v11.09h14.91a33.34,33.34,0,0,0,23.23-8.85,29,29,0,0,0,10-21.91C284.5,72.89,281.05,64.87,274.1,58.75Z"/><path fill="#082265" d="M357.54,74.41c-9.92,0-18.3,3.43-24.94,10.2s-9.91,15.24-9.91,25.33v44.53h12V108.86a21.82,21.82,0,0,1,6.75-16.1A22.08,22.08,0,0,1,357.54,86a21.49,21.49,0,0,1,15.82,6.75,21.86,21.86,0,0,1,6.89,16.1v45.61h12V109.94c0-10.09-3.34-18.61-9.92-25.33A33.47,33.47,0,0,0,357.54,74.41Z"/></g></g></svg></span><style data-emotion="css 1n4a93h">.css-1n4a93h{display:inherit;margin-right:-4px;margin-left:8px;}.css-1n4a93h&gt;*:nth-of-type(1){font-size:20px;}</style><span class="MuiButton-endIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-1n4a93h"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-vubbuv" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="KeyboardArrowDownIcon"><path d="M7.41 8.59 12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"/></svg></span></button></div><style data-emotion="css jnv64h">.css-jnv64h{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;margin-left:auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-jnv64h&gt;:not(style)+:not(style){margin:0;margin-left:8px;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-jnv64h&gt;:not(style)+:not(style){margin:0;margin-left:24px;}}</style><div class="css-jnv64h"><style data-emotion="css 1qlh2t1">.css-1qlh2t1{color:#282a36;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qlh2t1"><style data-emotion="css 1mvsusm">.css-1mvsusm{text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;}.css-1mvsusm:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-1mvsusm:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-1mvsusm.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-1mvsusm{;}}</style><style data-emotion="css jwr93t">.css-jwr93t{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;}.css-jwr93t::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-jwr93t.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-jwr93t{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-jwr93t:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-jwr93t:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-jwr93t.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-jwr93t{;}}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeMedium css-jwr93t" tabindex="0" type="button"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-vubbuv" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="LanguageIcon"><path d="M11.99 2C6.47 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.47 10 9.99 10C17.52 22 22 17.52 22 12S17.52 2 11.99 2zm6.93 6h-2.95c-.32-1.25-.78-2.45-1.38-3.56 1.84.63 3.37 1.91 4.33 3.56zM12 4.04c.83 1.2 1.48 2.53 1.91 3.96h-3.82c.43-1.43 1.08-2.76 1.91-3.96zM4.26 14C4.1 13.36 4 12.69 4 12s.1-1.36.26-2h3.38c-.08.66-.14 1.32-.14 2 0 .68.06 1.34.14 2H4.26zm.82 2h2.95c.32 1.25.78 2.45 1.38 3.56-1.84-.63-3.37-1.9-4.33-3.56zm2.95-8H5.08c.96-1.66 2.49-2.93 4.33-3.56C8.81 5.55 8.35 6.75 8.03 8zM12 19.96c-.83-1.2-1.48-2.53-1.91-3.96h3.82c-.43 1.43-1.08 2.76-1.91 3.96zM14.34 14H9.66c-.09-.66-.16-1.32-.16-2 0-.68.07-1.35.16-2h4.68c.09.65.16 1.32.16 2 0 .68-.07 1.34-.16 2zm.25 5.56c.6-1.11 1.06-2.31 1.38-3.56h2.95c-.96 1.65-2.49 2.93-4.33 3.56zM16.36 14c.08-.66.14-1.32.14-2 0-.68-.06-1.34-.14-2h3.38c.16.64.26 1.31.26 2s-.1 1.36-.26 2h-3.38z"/></svg></button><style data-emotion="css t5gsfy">.css-t5gsfy{text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;border-color:currentColor;box-shadow:none;}.css-t5gsfy:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-t5gsfy:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-t5gsfy.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}.css-t5gsfy:hover{box-shadow:none;}.css-t5gsfy.Mui-focusVisible{box-shadow:none;}.css-t5gsfy:active{box-shadow:none;}.css-t5gsfy.Mui-disabled{box-shadow:none;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-t5gsfy{;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-t5gsfy{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1csz7wa">.css-1csz7wa{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:inherit;border-color:currentColor;box-shadow:none;}.css-1csz7wa::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-1csz7wa.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-1csz7wa{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-1csz7wa:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-1csz7wa:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-1csz7wa.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}.css-1csz7wa:hover{box-shadow:none;}.css-1csz7wa.Mui-focusVisible{box-shadow:none;}.css-1csz7wa:active{box-shadow:none;}.css-1csz7wa.Mui-disabled{box-shadow:none;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-1csz7wa{;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-1csz7wa{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;}}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiButton-root MuiButton-text MuiButton-textInherit MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-textSizeMedium MuiButton-colorInherit MuiButton-disableElevation css-1csz7wa" tabindex="0" type="button" id="header-lang-switch" aria-haspopup="true"><span class="MuiButton-startIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-6xugel"><style data-emotion="css 1slalk2">.css-1slalk2{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;fill:#282a36;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-1slalk2" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="LanguageIcon"><path d="M11.99 2C6.47 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.47 10 9.99 10C17.52 22 22 17.52 22 12S17.52 2 11.99 2zm6.93 6h-2.95c-.32-1.25-.78-2.45-1.38-3.56 1.84.63 3.37 1.91 4.33 3.56zM12 4.04c.83 1.2 1.48 2.53 1.91 3.96h-3.82c.43-1.43 1.08-2.76 1.91-3.96zM4.26 14C4.1 13.36 4 12.69 4 12s.1-1.36.26-2h3.38c-.08.66-.14 1.32-.14 2 0 .68.06 1.34.14 2H4.26zm.82 2h2.95c.32 1.25.78 2.45 1.38 3.56-1.84-.63-3.37-1.9-4.33-3.56zm2.95-8H5.08c.96-1.66 2.49-2.93 4.33-3.56C8.81 5.55 8.35 6.75 8.03 8zM12 19.96c-.83-1.2-1.48-2.53-1.91-3.96h3.82c-.43 1.43-1.08 2.76-1.91 3.96zM14.34 14H9.66c-.09-.66-.16-1.32-.16-2 0-.68.07-1.35.16-2h4.68c.09.65.16 1.32.16 2 0 .68-.07 1.34-.16 2zm.25 5.56c.6-1.11 1.06-2.31 1.38-3.56h2.95c-.96 1.65-2.49 2.93-4.33 3.56zM16.36 14c.08-.66.14-1.32.14-2 0-.68-.06-1.34-.14-2h3.38c.16.64.26 1.31.26 2s-.1 1.36-.26 2h-3.38z"/></svg></span><style data-emotion="css 15r93eu">.css-15r93eu{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;color:inherit;}</style><span class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-15r93eu">语言</span><span class="MuiButton-endIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-1n4a93h"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-1slalk2" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="KeyboardArrowDownIcon"><path d="M7.41 8.59 12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"/></svg></span></button></div></div></div></header><style data-emotion="css s1brf2">.css-s1brf2{margin-top:5rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="PingCAP-Doc MuiBox-root css-s1brf2"><style data-emotion="css hboir5">.css-hboir5{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-hboir5"><style data-emotion="css 2tzg8">.css-2tzg8{width:18.75rem;border-right:1px solid #E5E4E4;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-2tzg8{;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-2tzg8{display:block;}}</style><aside class="MuiBox-root css-2tzg8"><style data-emotion="css 1eohm8p">.css-1eohm8p{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:5rem;height:100%;max-height:calc(100vh - 7rem);overflow-y:auto;padding:1rem;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1eohm8p"><style data-emotion="css fmyu0n">.css-fmyu0n{text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:#1976d2;width:100%;height:2rem;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e5e5e5;margin-bottom:1rem;}.css-fmyu0n:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-fmyu0n:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-fmyu0n.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><style data-emotion="css 1rq233s">.css-1rq233s{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-transform:none;font-family:-apple-system,"Poppins","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Noto Sans","Fira Code","IBM Plex Sans","sans-serif";font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;min-width:64px;padding:6px 8px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:#1976d2;width:100%;height:2rem;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e5e5e5;margin-bottom:1rem;}.css-1rq233s::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-1rq233s.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-1rq233s{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-1rq233s:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-1rq233s:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-1rq233s.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiButton-root MuiButton-text MuiButton-textPrimary MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-textSizeMedium css-1rq233s" tabindex="0" type="button" id="version-select-button" aria-haspopup="true"><style data-emotion="css 3cb5vr">.css-3cb5vr{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;padding:0 0.25rem;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-3cb5vr">v7.0 (DMR)</div><style data-emotion="css 1n4a93h">.css-1n4a93h{display:inherit;margin-right:-4px;margin-left:8px;}.css-1n4a93h&gt;*:nth-of-type(1){font-size:20px;}</style><span class="MuiButton-endIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-1n4a93h"><style data-emotion="css b5l66">.css-b5l66{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);-moz-transform:rotate(0deg);-ms-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg);height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem;fill:#999999;margin-right:0.25rem;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-b5l66" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></span></button><style data-emotion="css 1c58svf">.css-1c58svf .MuiPaper-root{border-radius:6px;margin-top:8px;min-width:268px;color:rgb(55, 65, 81);box-shadow:rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 0px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 0px 0px 1px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 10px 15px -3px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 4px 6px -2px;}.css-1c58svf .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenu-list{padding:4px 0;}.css-1c58svf .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root .MuiSvgIcon-root{font-size:18px;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);margin-right:12px;}.css-1c58svf .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root:active{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.08);}</style><style data-emotion="css yvxbj">.css-yvxbj .MuiPaper-root{border-radius:6px;margin-top:8px;min-width:268px;color:rgb(55, 65, 81);box-shadow:rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 0px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 0px 0px 1px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 10px 15px -3px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 4px 6px -2px;}.css-yvxbj .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenu-list{padding:4px 0;}.css-yvxbj .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root .MuiSvgIcon-root{font-size:18px;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);margin-right:12px;}.css-yvxbj .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root:active{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.08);}</style><style data-emotion="css oe3wem">.css-oe3wem .MuiPaper-root{border-radius:6px;margin-top:8px;min-width:268px;color:rgb(55, 65, 81);box-shadow:rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 0px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 0px 0px 1px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 10px 15px -3px,rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 4px 6px -2px;}.css-oe3wem .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenu-list{padding:4px 0;}.css-oe3wem .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root .MuiSvgIcon-root{font-size:18px;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);margin-right:12px;}.css-oe3wem .MuiPaper-root .MuiMenuItem-root:active{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.08);}</style><style data-emotion="css 12mehxg">.css-12mehxg{padding:0;margin:0;list-style:none;outline:0;}</style><ul role="tree" id="left-nav-treeview" aria-multiselectable="false" class="MuiTreeView-root css-12mehxg" tabindex="0" aria-label="left navigation"><style data-emotion="css 1gesgke">.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content{color:#282a36;border-radius:4px;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content:hover{background-color:#f9f9f9;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected,.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected.Mui-focused{background-color:var(--tree-view-bg-color, #EAF6FB);color:var(--tree-view-color, #0A85C2);}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected svg.MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon,.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected.Mui-focused svg.MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon{fill:var(--tree-view-color, #0A85C2);}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-focused{background-color:#f9f9f9;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content .MuiTreeItem-label{font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-content .MuiTreeItem-iconContainer{;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-group{margin-left:0;}.css-1gesgke .MuiTreeItem-group .MuiTreeItem-content{padding-left:16px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1oy5rnm">.css-1oy5rnm{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;outline:0;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content{color:#282a36;border-radius:4px;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content:hover{background-color:#f9f9f9;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected,.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected.Mui-focused{background-color:var(--tree-view-bg-color, #EAF6FB);color:var(--tree-view-color, #0A85C2);}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected svg.MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon,.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-selected.Mui-focused svg.MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon{fill:var(--tree-view-color, #0A85C2);}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content.Mui-focused{background-color:#f9f9f9;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content .MuiTreeItem-label{font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-content .MuiTreeItem-iconContainer{;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-group{margin-left:0;}.css-1oy5rnm .MuiTreeItem-group .MuiTreeItem-content{padding-left:16px;}</style><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><style data-emotion="css khel7y">.css-khel7y{padding:0 8px;width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;}.css-khel7y:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-khel7y:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-khel7y.Mui-disabled{opacity:0.38;background-color:transparent;}.css-khel7y.Mui-focused{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);}.css-khel7y.Mui-selected{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.08);}.css-khel7y.Mui-selected:hover{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.12);}@media (hover: none){.css-khel7y.Mui-selected:hover{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.08);}}.css-khel7y.Mui-selected.Mui-focused{background-color:rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.2);}.css-khel7y .MuiTreeItem-iconContainer{margin-right:4px;width:15px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-khel7y .MuiTreeItem-iconContainer svg{font-size:18px;}.css-khel7y .MuiTreeItem-label{width:100%;min-width:0;padding-left:4px;position:relative;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;}</style><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css znl8a3">.css-znl8a3{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:0rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-znl8a3"><style data-emotion="css tx8jsd">.css-tx8jsd{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;}</style><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-tx8jsd" target="_blank" href="https://docs.pingcap.com/zh" style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit"><style data-emotion="css 8atqhb">.css-8atqhb{width:100%;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><style data-emotion="css 1hwyipb">.css-1hwyipb{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;color:inherit;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">文档中心</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">关于 TiDB</div></div><style data-emotion="css xjq79n">.css-xjq79n{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;fill:#999999;height:1rem;width:1rem;margin-left:auto;-webkit-transform:none;-moz-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1jozaee">.css-1jozaee{margin:0;padding:0;margin-left:17px;}</style></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">快速上手</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">应用开发</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">部署标准集群</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据迁移</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据集成</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-7" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">运维操作</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-8" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">监控与告警</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-9" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">故障诊断</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-10" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">性能调优</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-11" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">教程</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-12" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">TiDB 工具</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">参考指南</div></div><style data-emotion="css 171pefp">.css-171pefp{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;fill:#999999;height:1rem;width:1rem;margin-left:auto;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-moz-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-171pefp" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1xxsnna">.css-1xxsnna{height:auto;overflow:visible;-webkit-transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:height 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;margin:0;padding:0;margin-left:17px;}</style><ul class="MuiCollapse-root MuiCollapse-vertical MuiTreeItem-group MuiCollapse-entered css-1xxsnna" style="min-height:0px" role="group"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapper MuiCollapse-vertical css-hboir5"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapperInner MuiCollapse-vertical css-8atqhb"><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css kb2j4b">.css-kb2j4b{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:0.5rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">架构</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">存储引擎 TiKV</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">存储引擎 TiFlash</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/system-variables"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">系统变量</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">配置文件参数</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">CLI</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">命令行参数</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-7" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">监控指标</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-8" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">安全加固</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-9" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">权限</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">SQL</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-171pefp" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><ul class="MuiCollapse-root MuiCollapse-vertical MuiTreeItem-group MuiCollapse-entered css-1xxsnna" style="min-height:0px" role="group"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapper MuiCollapse-vertical css-hboir5"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapperInner MuiCollapse-vertical css-8atqhb"><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css snygwd">.css-snygwd{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:1rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">SQL 语言结构和语法</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-171pefp" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div><ul class="MuiCollapse-root MuiCollapse-vertical MuiTreeItem-group MuiCollapse-entered css-1xxsnna" style="min-height:0px" role="group"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapper MuiCollapse-vertical css-hboir5"><div class="MuiCollapse-wrapperInner MuiCollapse-vertical css-8atqhb"><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-0" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><style data-emotion="css 5fc025">.css-5fc025{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;min-height:1.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding-left:1.5rem;padding-top:0.25rem;padding-bottom:0.25rem;}</style><div class="css-5fc025"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">属性</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content Mui-expanded" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a aria-current="page" style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" class="" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/literal-values"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">字面值</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/schema-object-names"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">Schema 对象名</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/keywords"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">关键字</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/user-defined-variables"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">用户自定义变量</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/expression-syntax"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">表达式语法</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-0-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-5fc025"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/comment-syntax"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">注释语法</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></div></div></ul></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-1" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">SQL 语句</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-2" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">数据类型</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-3" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">函数与操作符</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-4" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/clustered-indexes"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">聚簇索引</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-5" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/constraints"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">约束</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-6" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/generated-columns"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">生成列</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-7" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/sql-mode"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">SQL 模式</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-8" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/table-attributes"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">表属性</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-9" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">事务</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-10" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/views"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">视图</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-11" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/partitioned-table"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">分区表</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-12" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/temporary-tables"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">临时表</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-13" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/cached-tables"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">缓存表</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-14" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/foreign-key"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">外键约束</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-15" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">字符集和排序</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-16" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/placement-rules-in-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">Placement Rules in SQL</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-17" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">系统表</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-10-18" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-snygwd"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/metadata-lock"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">元数据锁</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></div></div></ul></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-11" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">UI</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-12" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/telemetry"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">遥测</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-13" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/error-codes"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">错误码</div></div></a></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-13-14" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-kb2j4b"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/schedule-replicas-by-topology-labels"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">通过拓扑 label 进行副本调度</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></div></div></ul></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-14" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">常见问题解答 (FAQ)</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false" id="left-nav-treeview-0-15" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">版本发布历史</div></div><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium MuiTreeItem-ChevronRightIcon css-xjq79n" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ChevronRightIcon"><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"/></svg></div></div></div></li><li class="MuiTreeItem-root css-1oy5rnm" role="treeitem" id="left-nav-treeview-0-16" tabindex="-1" style="margin-top:0.1875rem;margin-bottom:0.1875rem"><div class="css-khel7y MuiTreeItem-content" style="width:inherit"><div class="MuiTreeItem-iconContainer"/><div class="MuiTreeItem-label"><div class="css-znl8a3"><a style="text-decoration:none;width:100%;color:inherit" href="/zh/tidb/v7.0/glossary"><div class="MuiBox-root css-8atqhb"><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1hwyipb">术语表</div></div></a></div></div></div></li></ul></div></aside><style data-emotion="css sb2sd0">.css-sb2sd0{width:100%;}@media (min-width:1200px){.css-sb2sd0{max-width:calc(100% - 18.75rem);}}</style><main class="MuiBox-root css-sb2sd0"><style data-emotion="css 1rnnmjb">.css-1rnnmjb{max-width:1340px;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1rnnmjb"><style data-emotion="css 90fn5w">.css-90fn5w{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-90fn5w{-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-90fn5w{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;}}</style><div class="css-90fn5w"><style data-emotion="css vofosd">.css-vofosd{padding:1.5rem 0;}@media (min-width:0px){.css-vofosd{width:100%;}}@media (min-width:600px){.css-vofosd{width:calc(100% - 17.5rem);}}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-vofosd"><style data-emotion="css 1ekb41w">.css-1ekb41w{width:100%;margin-left:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-right:auto;display:block;padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;}@media (min-width:600px){.css-1ekb41w{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}}@media (min-width:1536px){.css-1ekb41w{max-width:1536px;}}</style><div class="MuiContainer-root MuiContainer-maxWidthXl doc-content css-1ekb41w"><div class="markdown-body MuiBox-root css-0"><style data-emotion="css 1weqspv">.css-1weqspv{padding-top:0.5rem;padding-bottom:0.5rem;}.css-1weqspv .MuiAlert-message p{margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:0px;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1weqspv"><style data-emotion="css 1rl2db2">.css-1rl2db2{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:rgb(95, 33, 32);background-color:rgb(253, 237, 237);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:6px 16px;}.css-1rl2db2 .MuiAlert-icon{color:#ef5350;}</style><style data-emotion="css 21rxh6">.css-21rxh6{background-color:#fff;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);-webkit-transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:box-shadow 300ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:rgb(95, 33, 32);background-color:rgb(253, 237, 237);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:6px 16px;}.css-21rxh6 .MuiAlert-icon{color:#ef5350;}</style><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation0 MuiAlert-root MuiAlert-standardError MuiAlert-standard css-21rxh6" role="alert"><style data-emotion="css 1l54tgj">.css-1l54tgj{margin-right:12px;padding:7px 0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size:22px;opacity:0.9;}</style><div class="MuiAlert-icon css-1l54tgj"><style data-emotion="css 1cw4hi4">.css-1cw4hi4{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:inherit;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ErrorOutlineIcon"><path d="M11 15h2v2h-2zm0-8h2v6h-2zm.99-5C6.47 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.47 10 9.99 10C17.52 22 22 17.52 22 12S17.52 2 11.99 2zM12 20c-4.42 0-8-3.58-8-8s3.58-8 8-8 8 3.58 8 8-3.58 8-8 8z"/></svg></div><style data-emotion="css 1xsto0d">.css-1xsto0d{padding:8px 0;min-width:0;overflow:auto;}</style><div class="MuiAlert-message css-1xsto0d"><style data-emotion="css 1h2y6o4">.css-1h2y6o4{font-weight:500;margin-top:-2px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 17ioyuk">.css-17ioyuk{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;margin-bottom:0.35em;font-weight:500;margin-top:-2px;}</style><div class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 MuiTypography-gutterBottom MuiAlertTitle-root css-17ioyuk">重要</div>你正在查看 TiDB 数据库的归档文档，归档文档不再提供任何更新。如无特殊需求，建议使用 TiDB 数据库的<style data-emotion="css 1uduv0p">.css-1uduv0p{margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem;font-family:"Helvetica Neue","sans-serif";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#666666;font-size:inherit;}</style><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body1 css-1uduv0p" target="_blank" href="https://docs.pingcap.com/zh/tidb/stable/literal-values" style="text-decoration:none">最新 LTS 版本</a>。</div></div></div><h1 id="字面值" style="position:relative"><a href="#%E5%AD%97%E9%9D%A2%E5%80%BC" aria-label="字面值 permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>字面值</h1><p>TiDB 字面值包括字符字面值、数值字面值、时间日期字面值、十六进制、二进制字面值和 NULL 字面值。以下分别对这些字面值进行一一介绍。</p><h2 id="string-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#string-literals" aria-label="string literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>String Literals</h2><p>String Literals 是一个 bytes 或者 characters 的序列，两端被单引号 <code>'</code> 或者双引号 <code>"</code> 包围，例如：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-"><style data-emotion="css 1qhimia">.css-1qhimia{margin-right:3rem;overflow:auto;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">'example string' "example string" </div><style data-emotion="css ux9q70">.css-ux9q70{text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;padding:5px;font-size:1.125rem;top:0.625rem;right:2.4rem;background:transparent;border:unset;}.css-ux9q70:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-ux9q70:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-ux9q70.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><style data-emotion="css 1rmx1rm">.css-1rmx1rm{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;padding:5px;font-size:1.125rem;top:0.625rem;right:2.4rem;background:transparent;border:unset;}.css-1rmx1rm::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-1rmx1rm.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-1rmx1rm{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-1rmx1rm:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-1rmx1rm:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-1rmx1rm.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><style data-emotion="css 1e2dcm1">.css-1e2dcm1{z-index:1500;pointer-events:none;}</style><style data-emotion="css okvapm">.css-okvapm{z-index:1500;pointer-events:none;}</style><style data-emotion="css rnn29l">.css-rnn29l{text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;padding:5px;font-size:1.125rem;top:0.625rem;right:0.625rem;background:transparent;border:unset;}.css-rnn29l:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-rnn29l:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-rnn29l.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><style data-emotion="css fxo539">.css-fxo539{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;text-align:center;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:1.5rem;padding:8px;border-radius:50%;overflow:visible;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;padding:5px;font-size:1.125rem;top:0.625rem;right:0.625rem;background:transparent;border:unset;}.css-fxo539::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-fxo539.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-fxo539{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-fxo539:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);}@media (hover: none){.css-fxo539:hover{background-color:transparent;}}.css-fxo539.Mui-disabled{background-color:transparent;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>如果字符串是连续的，会被合并为一个独立的 string。以下表示是一样的：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">'a string' 'a' ' ' 'string' "a" ' ' "string" </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>如果开启了 <code>ANSI_QUOTES</code> SQL MODE，那么只有单引号内的会被认为是 String Literals，对于双引号内的字符串，会被认为是一个 identifier。</p><p>字符串分为以下两种：</p><ul><li>二进制字符串 (binary string)：由字节序列构成，它的 charset 和 collation 都是 <code>binary</code>，在互相比较时利用<strong>字节</strong>作为单位。</li><li>非二进制字符串：由字符序列构成，有除 <code>binary</code> 以外的多种 charset 和 collation，在相互比较时用<strong>字符</strong>（一个字符可能包含多个字节，取决于 charset 的选择）作为单位。</li></ul><p>一个 String Literal 可以拥有一个可选的 <code>character set introducer</code> 和 <code>COLLATE clause</code>，可以用来指定特定的 charset 和 collation。</p><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">[_charset_name]'string' [COLLATE collation_name] </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>例如：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> _latin1<span class="hljs-string">'string'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> _binary<span class="hljs-string">'string'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> _utf8<span class="hljs-string">'string'</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">COLLATE</span> utf8_bin; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>你可以使用 <code>N'literal'</code> 或者 <code>n'literal'</code> 来创建使用 national character set 的字符串，下列语句是一样的：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> N<span class="hljs-string">'some text'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> n<span class="hljs-string">'some text'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> _utf8<span class="hljs-string">'some text'</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>要在字符串中表示某些特殊字符，可以利用转义字符进行转义：</p><table><thead><tr><th align="left">转义字符</th><th align="left">含义</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">\0</td><td align="left">ASCII NUL (X'00') 字符</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\'</td><td align="left">单引号</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\"</td><td align="left">双引号</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\b</td><td align="left">退格符号</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\n</td><td align="left">换行符</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\r</td><td align="left">回车符</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\t</td><td align="left">tab 符（制表符）</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\z</td><td align="left">ASCII 26 (Ctrl + Z)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\\</td><td align="left">反斜杠 \</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\%</td><td align="left">\%</td></tr><tr><td align="left">\_</td><td align="left">_</td></tr></tbody></table><p>如果要在 <code>'</code> 包围的字符串中表示 <code>"</code>，或者在 <code>"</code> 包围的字符串中表示 <code>'</code>，可以不使用转义字符。</p><p>更多细节见 <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/string-literals.html" target="_blank" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade">MySQL 官方文档</a>。</p><h2 id="numeric-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#numeric-literals" aria-label="numeric literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>Numeric Literals</h2><p>数值字面值包括 integer 跟 Decimal 类型跟浮点数字面值。</p><p>integer 可以包括 <code>.</code> 作为小数点分隔，数字前可以有 <code>-</code> 或者 <code>+</code> 来表示正数或者负数。</p><p>精确数值字面值可以表示为如下格式：<code>1, .2, 3.4, -5, -6.78, +9.10</code>.</p><p>科学记数法也是被允许的，表示为如下格式：<code>1.2E3, 1.2E-3, -1.2E3, -1.2E-3</code>。</p><p>更多细节见 <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/number-literals.html" target="_blank" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade">MySQL 官方文档</a>。</p><h2 id="date-and-time-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#date-and-time-literals" aria-label="date and time literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>Date and Time Literals</h2><p>Date 跟 Time 字面值有几种格式，例如用字符串表示，或者直接用数字表示。在 TiDB 里面，当 TiDB 期望一个 Date 的时候，它会把 <code>'2017-08-24'</code>，<code>'20170824'</code>，<code>20170824</code> 当做是 Date。</p><p>TiDB 的 Date 值有以下几种格式：</p><ul><li><p><code>'YYYY-MM-DD'</code> 或者 <code>'YY-MM-DD'</code>，这里的 <code>-</code> 分隔符并不是严格的，可以是任意的标点符号。比如 <code>'2017-08-24'</code>，<code>'2017&amp;08&amp;24'</code>，<code>'2012@12^31'</code> 都是一样的。唯一需要特别对待的是 '.' 号，它被当做是小数点，用于分隔整数和小数部分。</p><p> Date 和 Time 部分可以被 'T' 分隔，它的作用跟空格符是一样的，例如 <code>2017-8-24 10:42:00</code> 跟 <code>2017-8-24T10:42:00</code> 是一样的。</p></li><li><p><code>'YYYYMMDDHHMMSS'</code> 或者 <code>'YYMMDDHHMMSS'</code>，例如 <code>'20170824104520'</code> 和 <code>'170824104520'</code> 被当做是 <code>'2017-08-24 10:45:20'</code>，但是如果你提供了一个超过范围的值，例如<code>'170824304520'</code>，那这就不是一个有效的 Date 字面值。需要注意 <code>YYYYMMDD HHMMSS</code>、<code>YYYYMMDD HH:MM:DD</code> 和 <code>YYYY-MM-DD HHMMSS</code> 等不正确的格式会插入失败。</p></li><li><p><code>YYYYMMDDHHMMSS</code> 或者 <code>YYMMDDHHMMSS</code>，注意这里没有单引号或者双引号，是一个数字。例如 <code>20170824104520</code> 表示 <code>'2017-08-24 10:45:20'</code>。</p></li></ul><p>DATETIME 或者 TIMESTAMP 值可以接一个小数部分，用来表示微秒（精度最多到小数点后 6 位），用小数点 <code>.</code> 分隔。</p><p>如果 Date 的 year 部分只有两个数字，这是有歧义的（推荐使用四个数字的格式），TiDB 会尝试用以下的规则来解释：</p><ul><li>year 值如果在 <code>70-99</code> 范围，那么被转换成 <code>1970-1999</code>。</li><li>year 值如果在 <code>00-69</code> 范围，那么被转换成 <code>2000-2069</code>。</li></ul><p>对于小于 10 的 month 或者 day 值，<code>'2017-8-4'</code> 跟 <code>'2017-08-04'</code> 是一样的。对于 Time 也是一样，比如 <code>'2017-08-24 1:2:3'</code> 跟 <code>'2017-08-24 01:02:03'</code>是一样的。</p><p>在需要 Date 或者 Time 的语境下，对于数值，TiDB 会根据数值的长度来选定指定的格式：</p><ul><li>6 个数字，会被解释为 <code>YYMMDD</code>。</li><li>12 个数字，会被解释为 <code>YYMMDDHHMMSS</code>。</li><li>8 个数字，会解释为 <code>YYYYMMDD</code>。</li><li>14 个数字，会被解释为 <code>YYYYMMDDHHMMSS</code>。</li></ul><p>对于 Time 类型，TiDB 用以下格式来表示：</p><ul><li><code>'D HH:MM:SS'</code>，或者 <code>'HH:MM:SS'</code>，<code>'HH:MM'</code>，<code>'D HH:MM'</code>，<code>'D HH'</code>，<code>'SS'</code>。这里的 D 表示 days，合法的范围是 <code>0-34</code>。</li><li>数值 <code>HHMMSS</code>，例如 <code>231010</code> 被解释为<code>'23:10:10'</code>。</li><li>数值 <code>SS</code>，<code>MMSS</code>，<code>HHMMSS</code> 都是可以被当做 Time。</li></ul><p>Time 类型的小数点也是 <code>.</code>，精度最多小数点后 6 位。</p><p>更多细节见 <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-literals.html" target="_blank" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade">MySQL 官方文档</a>。</p><h2 id="boolean-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#boolean-literals" aria-label="boolean literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>Boolean Literals</h2><p>常量 <code>TRUE</code> 和 <code>FALSE</code> 等于 1 和 0，它是大小写不敏感的。</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> <span class="hljs-literal">TRUE</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">tRuE</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">FALSE</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">FaLsE</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">+------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+ | TRUE | true | tRuE | FALSE | FaLsE | false | +------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +------+------+------+-------+-------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><h2 id="hexadecimal-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#hexadecimal-literals" aria-label="hexadecimal literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>Hexadecimal Literals</h2><p>十六进制字面值是有 <code>X</code> 和 <code>0x</code> 前缀的字符串，后接表示十六进制的数字。注意 <code>0x</code> 是大小写敏感的，不能表示为 <code>0X</code>。</p><p>例如：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">X'ac12' X'12AC' x'ac12' x'12AC' 0xac12 0x12AC </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>以下是不合法的十六进制字面值：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">X'1z' (z 不是合法的十六进制值) 0X12AC (0X 必须用小写的 0x) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>对于使用 <code>X'val'</code> 格式的十六进制字面值，<code>val</code> 必须包含偶数个字符，如果 <code>val</code> 的长度是奇数（比如 X'A'、X'11A'），可以在前面补一个 0 来避免语法错误。</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">select</span> X<span class="hljs-string">'aff'</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">ERROR 1105 (HY000): line 0 column 13 near ""hex literal: invalid hexadecimal format, must even numbers, but 3 (total length 13) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">select</span> X<span class="hljs-string">'0aff'</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">+---------+ | X'0aff' | +---------+ | 0x0aff | +---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><p>默认情况，十六进制字面值是一个二进制字符串。</p><p>如果需要将一个字符串或者数字转换为十六进制字面值，可以使用内建函数 <code>HEX()</code>：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> HEX(<span class="hljs-string">'TiDB'</span>); </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">+-------------+ | HEX('TiDB') | +-------------+ | 54694442 | +-------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> X<span class="hljs-string">'54694442'</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">+-------------+ | X'54694442' | +-------------+ | TiDB | +-------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><h2 id="bit-value-literals" style="position:relative"><a href="#bit-value-literals" aria-label="bit value literals permalink" class="anchor before"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"/></svg></a>Bit-Value Literals</h2><p>位值字面值用 <code>b</code> 或者 <code>0b</code> 做前缀，后接以 0 和 1 组成的二进制数字。其中 <code>0b</code> 是区分大小写的，<code>0B</code> 则会报错。</p><p>合法的 Bit-value：</p><ul><li>b'01'</li><li>B'01'</li><li>0b01</li></ul><p>非法的 Bit-value：</p><ul><li><code>b'2'</code>（2 不是二进制数值，必须为 0 或 1）</li><li><code>0B01</code>（0B 必须是小写 0b）</li></ul><p>默认情况，位值字面值是一个二进制字符串。</p><p>Bit-value 是作为二进制返回的，所以输出到 MySQL Client 可能会无法显示，如果要转换为可打印的字符，可以使用内建函数 <code>BIN()</code> 或者 <code>HEX()</code>：</p><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">TABLE</span> t (b BIT(<span class="hljs-number">8</span>)); <span class="hljs-keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">INTO</span> t <span class="hljs-keyword">SET</span> b <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> b<span class="hljs-string">'00010011'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">INTO</span> t <span class="hljs-keyword">SET</span> b <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> b<span class="hljs-string">'1110'</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">INTO</span> t <span class="hljs-keyword">SET</span> b <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> b<span class="hljs-string">'100101'</span>; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-sql"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia"><span class="hljs-keyword">SELECT</span> b<span class="hljs-operator">+</span><span class="hljs-number">0</span>, BIN(b), HEX(b) <span class="hljs-keyword">FROM</span> t; </div><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-1rmx1rm" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="Toggle code wrap"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="WrapTextIcon"><path d="M4 19h6v-2H4v2zM20 5H4v2h16V5zm-3 6H4v2h13.25c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2s-.9 2-2 2H15v-2l-3 3 3 3v-2h2c2.21 0 4-1.79 4-4s-1.79-4-4-4z"/></svg></button><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiIconButton-root MuiIconButton-sizeSmall css-fxo539" tabindex="0" type="button" aria-label="copy"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeInherit css-1cw4hi4" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewbox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ContentCopyIcon"><path d="M16 1H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14h2V3h12V1zm3 4H8c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h11c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 16H8V7h11v14z"/></svg></button></code></pre><pre><code class="hljs language-"><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qhimia">+------+--------+--------+ | b+0 | BIN(b) | HEX(b) | +------+--------+--------+